CO2 from Fermentation
Contents:
CO2 the CHEAP WAY
by silverst-at-armstrong.ecn.purdue.edu (Brian R Silverstein) (Sat, 28 Aug 1993)
[DIY Q] Combine Silverstein's CO2 w/Bishop's Controller?
by Nick.Plummer-at-med.umich.
CO2: KH/PH Chart
By Giancarlo Podio
Aquarticles.com
PH is a result of carbonate hardness (KH) and CO2 concentration, meaning that we can calculate the amount of CO2 in a body of water by measuring KH and PH.
CO2 in the aquarium
Georg Jander (GEORG.JANDER at cereon.com)
Anyone who has observed the explosive growth of aquarium plants in response to carbon dioxide (CO2) fertilization must be convinced of the usefulness of this system.
CO2-The substance Carbon Dioxide, which animals exhale and plants inhale.
Diffusion Bell-A bell-shaped chamber which traps CO2 as it bubbles into it. The CO2 then diffuses into the water.
CO2 in Milligrams per liter
Plants generally need at least 5mg/l CO2 to photosynthesize and most aquatic plants grown for the aquarium need a slightly acid water (this also helps with nutrient absorption and helps keep nutrients like Fe available).
A CO2 Reactor (often called a In-line Reactor or Counter-flow Reactor) is a device that mixes CO2 gas with water from the return of a external aquarium filter.
CO2 Cylinder: Carbon Dioxide cylinders are responsible for holding the CO2 and are used in several industries. Two of the most popular are in welding and the beverage industry.
DIY CO2 PRIMER
Why DIY?
Pressurized CO2 systems are an expensive investment.
DIY CO2 Recipe: Duration vs. Intensity
The second most difficult part about adding a yeast-powered CO2 system to your planted aquarium, ...
To CO2 or not to CO2, that is the question. Well, not necessarily THE question, but it's definitely ONE of the big questions if you have or are considering setting up a planted tank. What follows is a brief overview of CO2 options.
Cheapo Yeast CO2 for healthy aquarium plants.
Posted by: D-Willett on Thursday, July 25, 2002 - 06:04 PM
Bruce Hallman ...
After all, is CO2 really necessary?
The confusion begins in the question itself. If you want to know whether CO2 is necessary in order to have live plants in the aquarium, the answer is simple: YES! ...
CO2 fertilizer diffuser:
This is used for maintaining the correct amount of CO2 in the water for proper growth of plants. CAUTION should be taken when using this product. Follow the directions closely.
More Fish and Aquaria Information Here ...
``Is CO2 injection really necessary?''
CO2 injection is not required to grow plants. However, most people who have used it feel that, aside from high-intensity lighting, CO2 is the most important step to getting excellent growth.
CaCO3 / CO2 Reactors
One of the ways that many people use calcium carbonate as a supplement is with a carbon dioxide reactor. These reactors combine CaCO3, tank water, and carbon dioxide in a reactor that permits dissolution.
CO2 : Carbon dioxide. Should be injected via a system that allows it to dissolve in water. Such systems are the CO2 reactor, the "bell" system or (far simpler and equally effective) inserting the CO2 outlet in your power filter's intake (in the tank).
CO2 Use (2)
Plant Care (7)
Plant Species (8)
Aquarium Substrate Heating ...
When CO2 is injected into water, a weak carbonic acid is formed that lowers the pH. Changing pH with CO2 does not affect the KH, so once the CO2 injection is removed your pH will go back to what it is before.
pH adjustment with natural materials ...
While CO2 is going from the water to the air, oxygen is going from the air to the water. This is important as it provides oxygen to the water that is needed by fish.
Natural CO2 System
Carbon dioxide fertilization:
Carbon dioxide fertilization is practically essential. Carbon dioxide is one of the major nutrients that plants need for photosynthesis and therefore to continually grow and stay healthy.
A LACK OF CO2
There is usually enough carbon dioxide in the water, but it can sometimes be deficient, even in a tank that is profusely planted and well lit.
Lighting, CO2 injection, fertilization, and attention to appropriate filtration media are important details.
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) - Absorbed by plants as a nutrient. Can also be used as a buffer to lower the pH of aquarium water.
Carbonate Hardness - See Alkalinity above.
Carbon dioxide (CO2)-Measured by monitoring pH values (see above). Tested with various kit's or devices. A test of special interest to freshwater plant aquarists, and saltwater reef keepers.
carbon See activated carbon carbon dioxide The gas CO2 is a necessary nutrient for plants, and can be used to lower the pH. chemical filtration These filters use chemical processes to clean the water.
Carbon Dioxide - (CO2) Used by plants as a nutrient. Can also be used to lower the pH of water.
Carbonate Hardness - See Alkalinity above.
Chemical Filter - A filter that utilizes a chemical media such as carbon to clean the water.
With adequate lighting, the next limiting factor is normally CO2. Several CO2 devices are available from a full CO2 injection system to something as simple as a sochtung carbonator.
For some time a carbonate hardness reactor with CO2 injection ran on the aquarium but its use was discontinued as the tank stabilized because the unit barely ran more than 30 minutes a day ...
Care should be taken, however, that the CO2 dispersal rate is not too high. If this happens, the pH coming from the reactor will be very low, and there will be excess CO2 in the water.
Carbon dioxide has the effect of increasing the acidity of the water, it is present in three different forms in the water : CO2 (free carbon dioxide, which is the toxic form), HCO3- (bicarbonate ion, and CO3-- (carbonate ion).
Limiting carbon dioxide (CO2) can help too. If you have a heavily planted tank, obviously, limiting CO2 isn't all that desirable.
For a high-tech setup using CO2 injection and fertilizers, you would use more powerful lighting, up to 4 or 5 watts per gallon. Reef setups usually require 5 or more watts per gallon.
Several factors affect the required lighting.
Self-contained system generates the CO2 needed for aquatic plants to perform photosynthesis. System includes a fermentation canister, bubble diffuser and 90 days' worth of activator and stabilizer.
Under these conditions, plants can consume more CO2 than animal life and gas exchange at the water surface can provide. So, in order to make full use of the enhanced lighting, many hobbyists add a CO2 generating system to the tank.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is vital to plants. Injection of co2 (using CO2 reactors or DIY systems) also softens water.
From simply sticking some plants in your tank to setting up elaborate systems with CO2 injection and high output lights there is a level of keeping plants that will appeal to every fish keeper.
If there is too much carbon dioxide in the tank, the fish will suffer.
Adding Carbon Dioxide: Carbon dioxide can be added by lower the water hardness to free CO2 from calcium bicarbonate. CO2 can also be added by the use of a CO2 system.
Carbon Dioxide: It is a molecule known as CO2, which is a biproduct of respiration. Plants require CO2 to photosynthesize, which generates molecular oxygen.
Caudal Penduncle: The long, narrow section which leads into the caudal fin (tail).
The second form of infusion is the use of a fermentation chamber using yeast, sugar and a catalyst to begin and continue the fermentation and CO2 is released from the process.
It grows slowly unless you provide it CO2 and strong light. Without these, it not only grows slowly but tends to remain smaller. The texture of the leaves is sometimes accented darker variations in the green coloring.
It requires bright light and good nutrients, and often lasts longer and grows better under high light with CO2 diffusion.
Add a splash of vinegar, if it bubbles then there are strong concentrations of carbonates present and this will increase the hardness of the water - the acid reacts with the carbonate and releases CO2, which are the bubbles you see.
Carbon Dioxide - The gas CO2 is a necessary nutrient for plants, and can be used to lower the pH.
The aquatic environment will have greater oxygen content and a better oxygen/CO2 exchange. Using a wet-dry filter in a planted aquarium means the root systems will not be impaired by the flow of an under gravel filter system.
Regular maintenance for plants also includes trimming dead or damaged leaves and branches, propagating by cutting or separating new growth, and removing snails. Some serious aquatic plant enthusiasts introduce CO2 into the tank to boost the plant ...
Propagation: Cuttings
Max. Size: 1′ 8″
Color Form: Green
Supplements: CO2 Fertilization, High Quality Aquarium Fertilizer
Origin: Farm Raised
Family: Hydrocharitacea ...
One must take care in monitoring the pH levels to ensure the health of the fish, specifically if CO2 injection is being used in a planted tank, which can result in rapid spikes of pH values.
 See also: Water, Aquarium, Fish, Plants, Gallon
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