Mulm - Solid waste materials such as plant parts, fish excrement and leftover food in various stages of decomposition.
Mulm Farm
So I think I've concluded that my Eheim Classic 2213 is not nearly big enough to filter my 29 gallon aquarium.
Mulm Fish waste and other organic detritus that collects on the bottom of tanks and ponds over time.
Encyclopedia 1.0 by Rebecca Smallwood
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"Mulm" is the final breakdown product of fish/shrimp/snail waste, uneaten food, plant debris, dead bacteria and infusoria, etc. up to dead fish if not removed. At its end point it is inorganic, fully mineralized.
Fish waste (Mulm) and uneaten fish food will be quickly converted by soil bacteria into its component chemical parts so that plants can use them for their nutritional needs.
Briefly: change in nitrogen content of the tank = nitrogen in - nitrogen out the nitrogen content in the tank includes the nitrogen in the water, in fish, plants, mulm, snails and so on. It's very difficult to quantify.
Defecation produces mulm which decay bacteria work constantly to reduce. Ammonia is one of the by-products.
The alternative source would be sediment from the substrate or gravel bed, which is achieved by allowing mulm to accumulate and not cleaning the gravel on a regular basis.
When siphoning, take the water from the bottom of the tank to remove as much mulm as possible as well. Rake through the gravel bed before siphoning to release the mulm in the sand. Pick up any large pieces of debris that could clog the siphon hose.
These fish dive into mulm to breed. Put in the tank a big jar or pot with a layer of 5 cm peat. The fish will discover the pot and will put their eggs in the peat. Change every 2 weeks the peat. Dry the peat with eggs until it's moist, like tobacco.
Daphnia feed on dissolved organic matter, yeast, various groups of bacteria, microalgae, and detritus, or mulm. Organic fertilizers, such as fresh cow manure.
Tophat665: Kuhlis are less sensitive to dissolved organics than other loaches, and do fine in a tank with a layer of mulm.
When you have to service, it should just be the removal of the mulm and dead leaves sufficient to ensure adequate flow through the filter and no more.
Either change most of the water or take the mulm and put it in a new container - if conditions are good, the ephippia should hatch within 4 to 8 days (if you accidentally poisoned the culture with chemicals, ...
Then, I placed some Soilmaster on top of the dry peat to keep the peat from floating and then added some mulm from my other tanks. The dark lines are from the mulm addition.
Think about it, most reef tanks have an overflow system at the surface of the tank, if debris (eg; food, fecal matter and mulm) are not swept up from the bottom of the tank, or from behind the rocks by currents, then they never exit the tank, ...
They are fantastic algae eaters and will graze plants and tank decor, removing and eating problem algaes, detritus and mulm.
(collectively known as mulm), allowing them to be removed from the tank before they decompose into ammonia.
Small rounded gravel is a must so its barbels are not damaged. Be advised that Pandas need gravel that is subject to a regular gravel vac - clogged mulm in the gravel will lead to sick and dying Pandas in pretty short order. Fry are delicate ...
This fish is more interested in the contents of algae and mulm than the debris itself as it hasn't the rasping teeth of an out-and-out herbivore or the specialised dentition of a meat scavenger.
They do best in soft, slightly acidic water with frequent water changes of about 10% a week. The substrate needs to be a fine gravel or sand that does not have sharp edges and they will also enjoy a bit of organic mulm or peat moss spread over the ...
I've seen enormous amounts of sludge and mulm develop between the bottom of the tank and the filter. That's just an opinion, so as with anything, use your best judgment and do what works best for you.
If you are replacing the UGF with a power or box filter, change or rinse its filter media several times as it will no doubt plug up quickly. It's not essential to get all the mulm out, but it's certainly easiest to get most of it at this time.
 See also: Water, Aquarium, Fish, Plants, Filter
  
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