Under-Gravel Filters: This was the first true biological filter invented for the aquarium.
Under-gravel Filters - These are plastic-slotted plates placed at the bottom of the tank, under the substrate. For best results, these plates must cover the whole tank floor.
under-gravel filter - A type of filter placed under the substrate that utilizes an air pump or power head to pull water through the gravel and thus oxygenates the bacteria to help in the nitrogen cycle. Not recommended for live plant tanks.
The under-gravel filter
The water travels from top to bottom through the sand and is taken back in under a platform that is slightly raised from the bottom of the tank.
Under-gravel Filters
The sole purpose of this filter is to provide biological filtration. It is a series of plates put under the gravel and water is drawn through it, either by an air pump or power head.
The Under-Gravel Filter - Almost as easy as no filter, and once you buy it, it's with you for the long haul.
For those who have not seen these postings, the AOA is in turn based on "The Optimum Aquarium", but minus the under-gravel heating coils.
The variants of these filters include internal, external, and the under-gravel filtration systems. The external filters are the best if you can afford around $150.
Gravel (used with an under-gravel type of filter) or for aesthetic reasons if you have another type of filtration.
A scraper
A syphon for water changes
A bucket to prepare water to return to the tank
A stick-on type of thermometer ...
If you have an under-gravel filter skip this step and consider getting one. Use a gravel washer to suck all (alot) of the fish waste from the gravel, this help keep your water quality healthy while leaving beneficial bacteria on the surfaces.
Bart's under-gravel filter in this tank became clogged after one year and bacterial problems developed, so Bart made his own three stage external filter. Air is added to the water between each stage.
Routine maintenance runs throughout the year, but three weeks before your holiday change up to one third of all the water and add an approved preparation. Remove ALL debris from the tank and gravel. If you have under-gravel filtering, ...
This package includes the three essentials needed for the ultimate SpongeBob SquarePants aquarium: One 3 gallon acrylic tank (2.8 gallon capacity), SpongeBob Aqua-Figure, Island topper sculpture, Aquabright cover, Bubble-wall aeration, Under-gravel ...
 See also: Gravel, Fish, Aquarium, Filter, Water
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