Capitals - The carved stone which caps a column or pier and which forms the transition between the shape of the column and the arches over it.
Censers - A vessel in which incense is burned.
COLUMN CAPITALS Capitals are the tops of round columns and may be of several distinct types or orders.
Rustic Capitals: "Medici Vergil", written probably in Rome before 494 (Florence, Biblioteca Laurenziana 39.1) Rustic Capitals were the formal bookscript of the Romans.
[edit] Capitals
The foliate Corinthian style provided the inspiration for many Romanesque capitals, and the accuracy with which they were carved depended very much on the availability of original models, ...
Column capitals and compound arches are enriched with geometric medieval ornament.
Facades have gabled roofs flanked by square or polygonal towers of differing heights, with parapets or variousroof shapes, and occasionally spires of Gothic origin.
Byzantine capitals are of endless variety; the Roman composite capital would seem to have been the favourite type they followed at first: subsequently, the block of stone was left rough as it came from the quarry, and the sculptor, set to carve it, ...
These Greek capitals, black with age, and quite deeply graven in the stone, with I know not what signs peculiar to Gothic caligraphy imprinted upon their forms and upon their attitudes, ...
Historiated capitals were most commonly used in the Romanesque from the late eleventh to mid-twelfth centuries.
Corinthian The most decorative form of Classical architecture, characterized by fluted columns, capitals carved with leaves and flowers and a flat roof. The Romans used the Corinthian order more than the Greeks.
entablature the uppermost part of a classical architectural order, a level of decoration situated above the capitals of a colonnade and consisting of the architrave, frieze, and cornice.
The Ionic order originated in the cities on the islands and coasts of Asia Minor, which were more exposed to Asian and Egyptian influences; it featured capitals with spiral volutes, a more slender shaft with quite different fluting, ...
Muslim rule in the Deccan was complex and fragmentary, with dynasties established at various capitals gaining the upper hand at different times, until the late seventeenth century when the area was brought into the Mughal Empire.
The recycled use of structural or sculptural elements, such as columns, capitals, relief carvings, etc.
The columns have neither bases nor capitals, but a decorative band level with the first floor lintels. There is an exaggerated cornice atop the architrave which has three horizontal bands.
The Rectangular Temple on the right is Ionic in style (capitals with characteristic volutes) and is built of tufa and travertine with a superficial coating of stucco( bonding material). It stands on a lofty podium in the Republican manner.
Smooth, round capitals (tops)
No carvings or other ornaments
Tuscan and Doric Columns Compared:
A Tuscan column resembles a Doric column from ancient Greece. Both column styles are simple, without carvings or ornaments.
A broad tapering leaf shape that turns over at the top, used especially on late 12th-century capitals (hence waterleaf capital) and some classical mouldings.
Byzantine A style dating from the fifth century, characterized by masonry construction around a central plan, with domes on penditives, typically depicting the figure of Christ; foliage patterns on stone capitals; ...
Dosseret, or impost block - the cubical block of stone above the capitals in a Byzantine church, used to carry the arches and vault, the springing of which had a superficial area greatly in excess of the column which carried them.
Doric order - a classical order most readily distinguished by its simple, unornamented capitals and the tablets with vertical grooving, called triglyphs, set at regular intervals in the frieze.
Corinthian
Corinthian columns have capitals with two rows of carved acanthus leaves and four spirals sprouting over the leaves. This style of column was originally Greek but used most widely by the Romans.
Fig.5: Pillars (A) with capitals (B) and quatri-partite vaulting (D) containing keystones (C) of the ambulatory of the Cathedral of St-Gervais and St-Protais at Soissons (photo: Athena Review)].
Three-Part Vertical Block buildings are analogous to the divisions of classical columns with their bases, shafts, and capitals. These facades were fully developed by the 1890s during the Richardsonian style.
Cubical block of stone above the capitals in a Byzantine church, used to carry the arches and vault, the springing of which had a superficial area gr...
Dromos ...
Doric Order -- A classical order with simple, unadorned capitals.
Dormer Window -- A window that projects from a roof.
Double Hung Window -- A window with two sashes, one sliding vertically over the other.
foliate Decorative leafage, often applied to capitals or moldings.
French door, window A tall casement window that reaches to the floor, usually arranged in two leaves as a double door.
An order of Classical architecture featuring capitals surrounded by leaf shapes.
Cornice
The horizontal feature that runs across the top of Classical columns and the roof line.
Corinthian order - classical fluted columns, slender with ornate capitals decorated with stylized leaves
corner boards - placed at the ends of exterior walls to protect the siding (ie. green on Burnett's) ...
waterleaf A carved design for column capitals of simple sinuous foliate designs, similar to acanthus.
wainscoting Decorative paneling covering the lower 3-4 feet of an interior wall.
that demanded the grounding of every downward thrust of vault rib either at the pavement or on the abacus of the pier or column caps, was not operative, and in most cases the vault shafts were stopped on corbels above the level of nave capitals.
a Classical order of architecture, with very decorative capitals.
Cornice
a crowning projection. In Classical architecture, the crowning or upper portion of the entablature.
Volute
a spiral scroll used on Ionic and Corinthian capitals.
Westwork
In German Romanesque, a monumental entrance to a church consisting of towers, with a chapel above.
Volute - A spiral scroll on a Ionic Capital; smaller version appear on Composite and Corinthian capitals.
Voussoir - One of the wedge-shaped stones used in constructing an arch.
Voussoir. Old College University of Edinburgh courtyard facadel.
The Corinthian capitals have flowers and leaves below a small scroll. The shaft has flutes and the base is like the Ionian. Unlike the Doric and Ionian cornices, which are at a slant, the Corinthian roofs are flat.
The uppermost elements of a column. In classical architecture capitals are one of the most distinctive elements defining the different orders.
Column ...
Good example of large wooden posts capped with zapattas (capitals), a Spanish colonial form replicated for use in the Santa Fe style.
5. Santa Fe, NM.
6. Santa Fe, NM.
The same observations could be applied to the Altes Museum in Berlin designed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel during the same years, all part of the expansion of major European capitals during the period and the emergence of modern culture and social ...
The most predominant features of Neoclassical Revival buildings are massive columns and decorated capitals, usually Ionic or Corinthian. Other features of this formal style include: ...
volute: the spiral scroll on the corners of Ionic and Corinthian capitals; immediately beneath the abacus.
voussoir: a wedge-shaped stone or brick in an arch.
Acanthus leaf
- a design based on the leaf of the acanthus plant, much used in the decoration of Greek, Roman and Renaissance capitals. There were subtle differences between the three.
capital : Decorative element that divides a column or pier from the masonry which it supports. Types of Capitals : ...
The interiors underwent a drastic simplification by eliminating the capitals of all the piers and reducing them to plain masonry supports.
convenient access for drawing water, usually for garden use dipping wellA Dipping well has convenient access for drawing water, often in a medieval town or monastery garden doric orderDoric is an Order or Architecture in which the capitals ...
Mould (moulding) - A member of construction or decoration, treated to introduce varieties of outline or contour in edges of surfaces, whether on projections or cavities, as on cornices, capitals, bases, door and window jambs and heads.
Corinthian (latest and most ornate Order) Corinthian columns are slender, usually fluted, with capitals elaborately carved with acanthus leaves.
coping - a cap or covering on top of a wall, either flat or sloping, to shed water ...
The three types of columns normally seen on greek revival house plans are the Doric (which has plain capitals), the Ionic (which has scroll-like spiral called volutes), and the corinthian (which has decorative leaves).
The columns were numerous, close, and very stout, generally without bases, and exhibiting great variety in the designs of their capitals. The principle of the arch though known was not employed for architectural purposes.
The more ornate Corinthian style was a later development of the Ionic. These styles are best known through the three orders of column capitals, but there are differences in most points of design and decoration between the orders.
 See also: Capital, Architecture, Roman, Greek, House
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