Greek Revival Style in Buffalo, NY
1820-1860
Table of Contents:
Overview of the Greek Revival Style
Illustrated Greek Architecture Features ...
Greek Revival houses usually have these features:
Pedimented gable
Symmetrical shape
Heavy cornice
Wide, plain frieze
Bold, simple moldings
Many Greek Revival houses also have these features: ...
Greek Revivalism n
Greek Revivalist adj & n
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Greek Revival architecture
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Greek Revival (1800-1855)
STYLES MENU
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Greek Architecture
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Greek architecture has long been the standard that many civilizations have attempted to live up to.
Greek Revival architecture began in the United States with public buildings erected in Philadelphia. Greek Revival style houses were built in all settled areas by 1860. It became the first "national style" in the United States.
GREEK REVIVAL (c.1830-c.1875)
The antiquities of Greece inspired the Greek Revival style, the most common 19th century architectural style in Vermont. This style was in widespread use from the 1830s until after the Civil War.
During the Classical Greek architecture period, it was made up of three different orders that are most commonly seen in their temples. These three orders were the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. The orders are also known for their columns style.
Greek Revival
2-2.5 stories
Professionals in the mid-19th century saw the U.S., with its democratic principles, as the spiritual successor of ancient Greece.
Greek Revival
This style is predominantly found in the Midwest, South, New England, and Midatlantic regions, though you may spot subtypes in parts of California.
These are some examples of modern Greek Architecture.
1. Is Corinthian
2. Is Doric
3. Is Ionic
4. Is also Corinthian ...
Greek crossA cross with four arms of equal length.Greek Doric
Click on the picture to learn more ...
Greek cross - A cross with four equal arms.
Groin vault - A vault produced by the intersection at right angles of two barrel (tunnel) vaults. Sometimes the arches of groin vaults may be pointed instead of round.
Greek Cross - A cross in which all the arms are the same length.
Iconography - Applies to the symbolic meaning of images depicted in works of art.
Inner flyers - The inner flying buttress arch over a double aisle, usually at the apse end.
Greek-cross Plan
A style of church with four equal arms.
Latin-cross Plan
A church plan with one arm longer than the other three.
Greek
[1200 - 30 B.C.] post-and-lintel (roof support) design. Colonnade porticos (entry ways) and roof detail including cornice surrounding the pediment on either end of the building length.
Greek order columns - Doric (plain capital, fluted, with no base), Ionic (a capital with opposing spiraling volutes) and Corinthian (ornate capital with stylized acanthus leaves). (p. 58).
Greek Cross
This is a cross shape in which all the arms are the same lengths. In architecture, used as a term to describe a church whose ground plan resembles this shape.
Greek Revival
Italian Renaissance architects revived Roman architecture only. As Greece was ruled by the Ottoman Turks, it was not possible to study the ruins of Ancient Greek buildings.
2 Greek Architecture
Unlike the Egyptian arrangement, in which columns are arranged within a walled structure, the Greek temple consisted of a sanctuary surrounded by columns, which articulated exterior space.
Greek buildings were abundantly adorned with sculptures, and painting was extensively used, the details of the structures being enriched by different colours or tints.
Greek Art and Archaeology, 4th ed.
The Earth, the Temple, and the Gods: Greek Sacred Architecture
Venice & the East: The Impact of the Islamic World on Venetian Architecture 1100-1500 ...
Greek Theater, View of the theater from the floor, 4th century BC, rebuilt 1st - 3rd Century,Taoromina (Sicily) ...
Greek architecture term for the lowest course of masonry of the external walls of the naos or cella, consisting of vertical slabs of stone or marble ...
Orthostyle ...
From Greek architecture, the space between the triglyphs in the frieze of the Doric order. Metopes were often filled with ceramic faces and figures; in commercial buildings these would advertise the commerce of the building.
Fret / Greek Key
- ornamental patterns consisting of continuous bands of fillets interlocking at right angles in key shaped patterns. The fillets can be incised, in relief, or painted.
Sometimes referred to as "Greek Key".
Cella - a Greek term used of the holy area within a temple, usually where one worships.
Cistern - an underground area used to store water. Unlike a well, water does not naturally flow into a cistern from a subterranean source.
Classical Greek chair with sabre legs, the front ones curving forwards and the back ones backwards. The chair-back has a concave top-rail attached to verticals.
Kneehole desk ...
The ancient Greek and Roman doors were either single doors (µov00Upat, unifores), double doors (&thipat, bifores or geminae) or folding doors (7rr1)1(Es, valvae); in the last case the leaves were hinged and folded back one over Balawat Gates, ...
agora: (Greek) public square or market place.
alternating supports: a system in which piers of complex section alternate with simple columns or pillars.
ABACUS In Greek and Roman orders, the architrave rests on the abacus, a square flat stone on top of a capital.
elysiumIn Greek mythology, Elysium is the place where the blessed go after death (the Elysian Fields). An elysium is a place of ideal happiness.
GREEK REVIVAL
Side-gabled or front-gabled Roof: low pitch
Slight eave overhang with wide band of trim below
Roof-top cupolas
Rectangular transom lights and sidelights
Pilasters to sides of doors (may have pediment) ...
anthemion - a Greek architectural ornament in the form of a stylized representation of the flower of the honeysuckle. Used singly on stella or antefixes, or as a running ornament on friezes, etc.
doric column A Greek-style column with only a simple decoration around the top, usually a smooth or slightly rounded band of wood, stone or plaster.
echinus A convex projecting moulding near the top of a capital.
Combining classical Greek and Roman architecture, Beaux Arts was the favored style for grandiose and massive public buildings and large houses for the very rich from 1885 to 1925.
Federal/Adam
Greek Revival
Gothic Revival
Italianate/Italian Villa
VICTORIAN-ERA STYLES ...
A stylization of the acanthus leaf began in Greek and Roman decoration, especially on the Corinthian capital. Aisle: Open area of a church parallel to the nave and separated from it by columns or piers; Space between arcade and outer wall.
herm a statue of the head of a Greek god set on a square stone pillar. hermitage a garden building, often complete with a hired "hermit" to live there, calculated to raise an appreciation for contemplation in the context of nature.
acropolis The citadel in ancient Greek towns. adobe Sun-dried brick used in places with warm, dry climates, such as Egypt and Mexico; the clay from which bricks are made; the structures built out of adobe bricks.
section, usually for a support DENTIL: a small square shape often repeated in a horizontal line DOME: a vault of even curvature on a circular base which can be segmental, semicircular, pointed, or bulbous DORIC ORDER: the earliest of the Greek orders ...
relate the rival claims of the Greek Church, the growth of heresy in Italy, the success of false miracles wrought by evil spirits, and another three years of famine and cannibalism; ...
Greek architecture - Usually oval, rectangular, circular, or apsidal shaped. Greek architecture used the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian orders for building the temples. Structures were often built with stones or mud bricks.
Classical Architecture - Form of style devised by the Greeks and Romans and revived during the Renaissance.
Classical Orders - Three main styles in the design of a column and its entablature: Corinthian, Ionic, Doric.
Large island off the southern coast of Turkey and east coast of Syria with a mixed Greek- and Turkish-speaking population.
Definition ...
Says Vasari, "Then arose new architects who after the manner of their barbarous nations erected buildings in that style which we call Gothic", while Evelyn but expresses the mental attitude of his own time when he writes, "The ancient Greek and ...
They are Greek in origin but occur in Roman versions. Tuscan is a simple variant of Roman Doric. The Composite capital combines Ionic volutes with Corinthian foliage.
In the strictest sense, this is a term used to characterize the art, literature, and aesthetics created by the ancient Greeks and Romans.
Doric, like most Greek styles, works well horizontally on buildings, that's why it was so good with the long rectangular buildings made by the Greeks. The area above the column, called the frieze [pronounced "freeze"], had simple patterns.
Early Classical Revival: The Early Classical Revival style (1770-1830) can be considered a transitional style between the Federal and Greek Revival styles.
basilica : The early Greek name for a royal palace; a large oblong building with double columns and a semicircular apse at one end, frequently used by Christian emperors of Rome for religious purposes.
Casemate, Casement, Cazemate, Cazematte: (1) A chamber within a tower used to house artillery away from the elements such as catapults, Greek from the 4th century BC.
In Roman towns in Greek lands, the Greek term agora is often used instead. The forum was often surrounded by the most important governmental institutions such as a curia building, temple to Jupiter Capitolium, basilica or other such structures.
Pedley, John Griffiths. Greek Art and Archaeology. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1993.
The Oxford English Dictionary. Eds. James A.H. Murray, Henry Bradley, W.A. Craigie, and C.T. Onions. Second Edition. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989, vols. 1-20.
Doric
Order The first and simplest of the three Greek orders and the only one that normally has no base.
Entablature
The upper horizontal part of a classical order, between a capital and the roof; it consists of the architrave, frieze, and cornice.
Greek Doric capitals are fluted and plain, Roman Doric capitals are smooth and plain, Ionic capitals have a rams horns at all four corners, and a Corinthian capital is highly decorative with curling acanthus leaves.
Dentil molding - Greek classical feature of a row of small rectangular shapes placed closely together beneath the cornice. Teeth-like in appearance.
Bottega (it.). Derived from the Latin apothèca, in turn derived from the Greek term apothèke. Room or rooms inside a building, opening onto the street and used for either a commercial activity or as an artist's or craftsman's workshop.
Doric One of five classical orders, recognizable by its simple capital. The Greek Doric column has a fluted shaft and no base; the Roman Doric column may be fluted or smooth and rests on a molded base.
 See also: Architecture, Roman, House, Classical, Church
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