RAFTERS The wooden structural support beams for a roof, sometimes visible on the exterior for certain building types and styles.
Rafters
The sloping member in a roof system that supports the sheathing and roof covering. Exposed rafters are common in Bungalow and Craftsman style homes.
Rustication ...
Rafters, ridge beams, and purlins extend beyond the wall and roof
Knee braces
3410 Harvard, Dallas, Texas ...
Rafters - A series of inclined timber structural members to which a roof covering is fixed.
Raked - Sloping (e.g. a floor). Scraped out (e.g. brickwork joints. to about l0mm depth).
Trussed Rafters: Method of roof construction utilising prefabricated triangular framework of timbers. Now widely used in domestic construction.
Rafters that run from the ridge rafter to the valley rafter.
valley rafter
The rafter under the valley proper.
fly rafters, gable rafters, gableboards, barge rafters
Examples:
"The greater number of bargeboards in this district are moulded." - Ralph Nevill, Old Cottage & Domestic Architecture in South-west Surrey (1889), p. 35 ...
Rafter: Rafters are the structural members that support the roof sheathing to which the outer covering of the roof (shingles, etc.) is attached.
Valley Jacks - Rafters that run from the ridge rafter to the valley rafter.
Valley Rafter - The rafter under the valley proper.
Veneer - A thin facing of finishing material ...
Side purlins: pairs of timbers placed some way up the slope of the roof, which carry common rafters. Butt purlins or tenoned purlins are tenoned into either side of the principals.
Collar Beam - horizontal tie beam of a roof, which is joined to opposing rafters at a level above that of the wall plates.
Collar - horizontal timber member designed to restrain opposing roof slopes.
Single-framed: if consisting entirely of transverse members (such as rafters with or without braces, collars, tie-beams, king-posts or queen-posts, etc. [see below] not tied together longitudinally.
The outer wall of the mosque consists of a mud wall containing posts supporting the roof rafters. Immediately inside the outer wall there is circular arrangement of wooden pillars which also supports the roof rafters.
- strips of wood which are nailed to studs, joists, rafters etc to carry plaster, although the term is sometimes also applied to the strips of wood, usually referred to as battens, on which tiles are hung.
Thus a frame composed of three end-connected members can be extended indefinitely by the principle of triangulation-attaching a horizontal tie beam to the bottom of two peaked rafters.
To lend support to larger installations, angled rafters linked the front cross bar to the building facade.
Carpenters frame rafters to "pitch" a roof. A roof's pitch is the measured vertical rise divided by the measured horizontal span, the same thing as what is called "slope" in geometry.
Collar - Horizontal beam in a timber roof linking the rafters and so forming an A shaped truss.
Colonnade - A range of columns placed at regular intervals: a similar row, as of trees.
The theater is filling up, and all the people are sitting aloft presenting a splendid sight and composed of numberless faces, so that many times the very rafters and roof above are hidden by human bodies.
Eaves:A thick board with a feathered edge nailed across the rafters or borders of the roof which over hangs the wall. It's function is to cast off water.
Pendant:a suspended ornament attached to the roof.
occasionally exposed rafters
pointed/gothic arched windows, doors, porches
oriel
label mold
chamfered porch supports
full-width one-story porch or partial (often inset in L) porch ...
IDENTIFYING FEATURES: Low-pitched, gabled roof, wide overhang of eaves, exposed rafters (rafter tails) under eaves, decorative brackets (knee braces or corbels); incised porch (beneath main roof); ...
Identifying characteristics include a low, horizontal structure, usually one-and-a-half stories (two-story more common in northeastern and mid-western United States); broad overhanging eaves with exposed roof rafters and ridge beams; ...
Plate - A horizontal structural member placed on a wall or supported on posts, studs, or corbels to carry the trusses of a roof or to carry the rafters directly; a shoe or base member, as of a partition or other frame; ...
Collar purlin, a beam running longitudinally immediately beneath the collars joining pairs of common rafters.
truss - a framework of beams (rafters, posts, struts) forming a rigid structure that supports a roof or bridge or other structure
framework - a structure supporting or containing something
truss bridge - a bridge supported by trusses ...
VIGAS
Ceiling beams or rafters made from single logs or poles to support the ceiling and roof. The width of a church or room was, therefore, limited by the length of trees that could be lumbered in the vicinity and hauled to the mission.
Vocabulary
WALL PLATE - the top of the wall, where the rafters connect to the wall.
POST - the main vertical pieces of wood in a wall.
BRACE - the diagonal (can be curved or straight) piece of wood that helps strengthen the frame.
Bargeboard - also called vergeboards or fly rafters - decorative boards located at the end of a gable. Bargeboards are often elaborately carved and ornamented (in Victorian and Gothic architecture).
The temple's roof is also made of glazed ceramic tiles and has an overhanging cave distinguished by a graceful upward slope. The arc at which the roof turns comes from the intricate fit of rafters.
Fascia A horizontal band or board, often used to conceal the ends of rafters; the front of an object.
Fenestration The stylistic arrangement of windows in a building.
Fieldstone A stone used in its natural shape.
Carcassing - Timber used in structural sections of a building, such as roof rafters and floor joists.
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Casing - Boards fixed in door openings to hide the wall edges and support the door.
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BARGEBOARD or VERGEBOARD Decorative woodwork or gingerbread attached to the projecting rafters of a gable roof.
(Illustration from A.J. Downing, The Architecture of Country Houses, 1850, showing part of a bargeboard with a pinnacle) ...
bargeboard Board or other decorative woodwork fixed to the edges or projecting rafters of a gabled roof. Sometimes called gingerbread.
barrel vault A masonry vault in the form of a semicircular arch.
The woodwork covering the ends of rafters of porches etc
Barrel Roof
Continuous round-arched vault.
Bargeboard -- A board which hangs from the projecting end of a gable roof covering the end rafters, and often sawn into a decorative pattern.
Bay Window -- A window in a wall that projects at an angle to another wall.
bargeboard - ornamental board on a gable used to conceal the end rafters
bay window - a protruding space from the exterior wall. A bow window is a rounded bay.
A timber laid longitudinally along the top of a building wall to receive the ends of the rafters. In a timber framed building the posts and studs of the wall below are tenoned into it.
Weepers.
LATH The smallest piece of timber (2-5cms) across used in building, employed on rafters to support the roof covering or in a partition as a base for plaster.
Exteriors could be any style, with typical features including irregular massing, low-slope gable roofs with wide eaves and exposed rafters, projecting beam ends or knee braces supporting bargeboards, porches with square-tapered columns or piers, ...
Chevron - A Romanesque moulding forming a zigzag; so called from the French word for a pair of rafters giving this form.
 See also: Rafter, House, Frame, Timber, Architecture
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