Spalling -- Flaking of the outer face of masonry, often caused by expanding moisture in freezing conditions.
Terra Cotta -- Cast and fired clay units, used as ornamentation.
Transom -- Horizontal window like element above the door.
Spalling Illustration
Spalling stonework - due to face bedding.
Note the loss of broaching from the face of the stone.
spalling The chipping or erosion of masonry caused by abuse or weathering.
SPALLING - Breaking of surface of tiles or bricks, often associated with frost.
SPANDREL - Space above and to the sides of an arch; also the space below a staircase.
STANCHION - Vertical support beam, generally steel today.
Other problems include "spalling" brick, in which moisture seeps into the brick and then freezes, cracking and flaking the brick and loosening mortar seals.
Modernist chimneys on the Casa Milà (Barcelona, Spain), by Antonio Gaudí.
 See also: Brick, Facade, Floor, Door, Corbel
|
