"Building and programming a robot, constructing a boat from everyday objects, solving a murder, and disproving an old stereotype are each supremely daunting tasks.
Proving or disproving this remains as a big task for new researchers (and maybe you! :-)).
In the context of hardware and software systems, formal verification is the act of proving or disproving the correctness of a system with respect to a certain formal specification or property, using formal methods.
The proof and disproof numbers represent lower bounds on the number of nodes to be evaluated to prove (or disprove) certain nodes. By always selecting the most proving (disproving) node to expand, an efficient search is generated.
 See also: Hill climbing, Genetic algorithm, Simulated annealing
  
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