Hash function - Definition
A hash function is a function that converts an input from a (typically) large domain into an output in a (typically) smaller range (the hash value, often a subset of the integers).
[edit] Hash function algorithms
For most types of hashing functions the choice of the function depends strongly on the nature of the input data, and their probability distribution in the intended application.
[edit] Trivial hash function ...
An alternative is to use a hash table, with a hash function h(n) that maps each node n into a hash code. Keep the hash table twice as big as N to keep the chance of collisions low.
  
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