Coordinate Systems
( or DEC): degrees north of . : ecliptic latitude and longitude. : and . : galactic longitude and latitude. : coordinates on the surface of the . : and . (HA): [sidereal time]. ( or RA): hours, minutes, seconds east of the .
Celestial coordinate systems1
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Astronomical Coordinate Systems
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Coordinate Systems
Astronomers describe the position of objects in the sky by using coordinates. Although astronomical objects are at a wide range of distances from us, to locate them in space, we only need to know their direction.
[1.2] COORDINATE SYSTEMS
[1.3] DISPLACEMENT, VELOCITY, & ACCELERATION
[1.4] FOOTNOTE: EXPONENTIAL NOTATION & METRIC PREFIXES ...
Celestial Coordinate Systems
We can define a useful coordinate system for locating objects on the celestial sphere by projecting onto the sky the latitude-longitude coordinate system that we use on the surface of the earth.
Other coordinate systems
*Coordinates (mathematics)
*Coordinate systems
*Polar coordinate system
*Taxicab geometry
*Curvilinear coordinates
*Hyperbolic coordinates
*Stereographic projection
*Parallel coordinates
*Geocentric coordinates ...
When relative coordinate systems are used, moving with respect to the inertial system, apparent forces arise in Newton laws, such as the coriolis force.
Table VI summarizes the terms used in four geocentric celestial coordinate systems and the terrestrial (geographic) coordinate system and indicates the analogous terms under each system.
Instead an observer may choose a set of coordinates at his own convenience, and we only require that coordinates of a point in different coordinate systems can be expressed into each other through some smooth functional dependence.
The latest astronomical observations made at Greenwich which contributed to the international terrestrial coordinate systems of that time were the observations made on the Small Transit instrument. These observations continued up to 1958.
However, one can always find coordinate systems in which, locally, the gravitational field strength is nonexistent. Such a reference frame, affixed to a selected world point, would naturally be in free-fall acceleration near a concentrated mass.
Add the option for other coordinate systems (Alt-Az, galactic)
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This is what is now generally meant by a comoving coordinate systems, since we appreciate that galaxies and clusters depart from this ideal through having nonzero peculiar motions.
The UNL Astronomy Education's Rotating Sky module has you explore the connection between the two coordinate systems.
A slow but relatively uniform motion of the earth's rotational axis that causes changes in the coordinate systems used for mapping the sky.
They appeal to the observer who likes to understand the concepts of astronomical coordinate systems, but have the computer do the actual math. Digital setting circles, once configured, give a RA/Dec readout as you move your telescope around.
Celestial coordinates are a reference system used to define the positions of objects on the celestial sphere. There are two main coordinate systems in use: ...
Celestial coordinate systems are based on an "equator" and "equinox," which means a great circle in the sky that is the projection of the Earth's equator outwards, and a line, the Vernal equinox intersecting that circle, ...
You will be able to describe how the locations of celestial objects are stated in the coordinate systems of the celestial sphere. You will be able to describe the use of epochs and various conventions of timekeeping.
An object on the horizon has an altitude of 0 degrees, and an object at zenith has an altitude of 90 degrees. Altitude and azimuth together are one of several types of coordinate systems that astronomers use to locate astronomical objects in the sky.
(a) Any physical property which does not change under the transformation from one frame of reference to another.
(b) An adjective referring to a quantity whose numerical value is the same in all coordinate systems.
Invariant Plane ...
According to the general theory of relativity, theories of nature must have the same mathematical form in all coordinate systems. A good physical theory must therefore be written in a covariant form. [P88]
Covariant ...
Together we developed a list of topics for the visits, then Roger took care of the details. From coordinate systems to changing of the seasons, Roger did a great job. My students gave our planetarium visits the highest rating on my year-end survey.
 See also: Coordinate system, Earth, Time, Planet, Astronomy
  
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