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Dwarf Planets
The IAU decision in 2006 to introduce the concept of Dwarf Planets has resulted in four bodies (so far) being placed in this category.

 


Dwarf novae (DN) are a class of and that have multiple observed eruptions ranging in brightness from 2 to 5 magnitudes. Outburst intervals for each object are quasi-periodic, but within the DN family, intervals can range from days to decades.

Dwarf Planets
In 2006, the IAU decided to create a new classification category for solar system objects called "dwarf planets" that is distinct from "planets". Pluto was reclassified as a dwarf planet.

Dwarf Planet - This is a celestial body that: (a) is in orbit around the Sun; and (b) has sufficient mass for its self-gravity to overcome rigid body forces so that it assumes a nearly round shape (due to a hydrostatic equilibrium); ...

Dwarf galaxy
A dwarf galaxy is a small galaxy composed of up to several billion stars, a small number compared to our own Milky Way's 200-400 billion stars.

Dwarf Novae are cataclysmic variables -- variable stars -- whose brightness often changes "cataclysmically" over short periods of time. They were first discovered by the English Astronomer J.R.

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Dwarf Star
Related Category: Astronomy: General ...

Dwarf planet is a new class of astronomical objects. It was created in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union as part of their struggle to define the word 'planet'.

Dwarf Planets and Small Solar-System Bodies
The words asteroid, minor planet and planetoid are (unofficial and) interchangable.

Dwarf planet
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - Cite This Source
A dwarf planet is a celestial body within the Solar System that satisfies the following four conditions: ...

dwarf planet and largest known asteroid in the asteroid belt and the first asteroid to be discovered. Ceres was found, serendipitously, by the Italian astronomer Giuseppe Piazzi of the Palermo Observatory on Jan. 1, 1801.

M dwarfs recently lost their title as the coolest stars, though, with the discovery of L dwarfs, a class of cool, dim objects that barely qualify as stars.

Red dwarfs are very low mass stars with no more than 40% of the mass of the Sun.

As a dwarf planet it fulfills most of the criteria for being a planet with the exception that it doesn't have the gravitational pull, because of its size, to clear space surrounding it of other celestial bodies.

White Dwarfs
A white dwarf surrounded by a cocoon of gas
Click on image for full size
NASA, STScI
When stars like our own sun die they will become white dwarfs.

White Dwarfs
Introduction to White Dwarfs
Where a star ends up at the end of its life depends on the mass, or amount of matter, it was born with. Stars that have a lot of mass may end their lives as black holes or neutron stars.

black dwarf - Space and Astronomy Definition - Online Dictionary and Glossa...
Gaussian White Noise Process - Dictionary Definition of Gaussian White Nois...
White Dwarf Linux - What is White Dwarf Linux ...

White dwarfs are the only natural source of vertion particles. In 2370, a network emergent circuit nodes aboard the Enterprise-D collected vertions from the white dwarf Tambor Beta-6 to sustain their growth, ...

White dwarfs can tell us important things about the age of the universe. If we can estimate the time it takes for a white dwarf to cool into a black dwarf, that would give us a lower limit on the age of the universe and our galaxy .

White dwarfs
Stellar stability and evolution
Main sequence stars, like the Sun, represent a balance between the force of gravity, which is trying to compress the star, and radiation pressure, which is trying to make the star expand.

brown dwarf
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Antlia Dwarf Galaxy
Image credit: Very Large Telescope, ESO
A small dwarf spheroidal galaxy, of low surface brightness, that lies about 3.75 million light-years away in the constellation Antlia and is an outlying member of the Local Group.

The Antlia Dwarf Galaxy
On the original sky survey plate Antlia looks like a fuzzy low surface brightness patch some 3mm (= 3 arcmin) in diameter.

Timeline of white dwarfs, neutron stars, and supernovae
Timeline of white dwarfs, neutron stars, and supernovae ...

Dwarf planet
A dwarf planet, as defined by the International Astronomical Union , ...

Brown dwarfs are very dim and cool compared with stars. The best hope for finding brown dwarfs is in using infrared telescopes, which can detect the heat from these objects even though they are too cool to radiate visible light.

Brown dwarfs are missing links in the story of the universe: objects too big to be planets but too small to be stars.

Dwarf ellipticals (dE galaxies) include an assortment of morphological types and range from MV ~ -19 down at least to MV ~ -12 mag, where their numbers are rising steeply and where surveys become seriously incomplete.

Dwarf Planets
This category of object is a recent creation (2006), introduced to accomodate objects orbiting the Sun which are not quite large enough to be termed 'planets', ...

Dwarf Galaxy
A relatively small galaxy. The Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, visible in the Southern Hemisphere, are two dwarf irregular galaxies that are neighbors of the Milky Way.
Elliptical Galaxy ...

Dwarf cepheids typically have a period of from 2.4 hours to 4.8 hours (i.e. 0.1-0.2 days), although as a group they range from as short as 1h20m to as long as 6h. AI Velorum's period is 2h40m.

dwarf Any star with a radius comparable to, or smaller than that of the Sun (including the sun itself).
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
Phone: 617.496.7941 Fax: 617.495.7356 ...

Dwarfed by Storms
Tiny Mimas is dwarfed by a huge white storm and dark waves on the edge of a cloud band in Saturn's atmosphere.

Dwarf star: A star, which lies on the main sequence and is too small to be classified as a giant star or a super giant star. For example, the Sun is a yellow dwarf star.
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Dwarf star- a star, such as the sun, that lies on the Main Sequence
Eccentricity- a measure of how closely a planet's orbit approximates to a perfect circle ...

DWARF STAR
Dwarf stars are relatively small stars, up to 20 times larger than our sun and up to 20,000 times brighter. Our sun is a dwarf star.

dwarf elliptical galaxy - (n.)
A member of a class of small spheroidal galaxies, similar to standard elliptical galaxies except for their small size and low luminosity.

Dwarf - A main sequence star
Dynamo - A process in which electric currents within a rotating, convective body produce a magnetic field ...

Dwarf planet 'becoming a comet' BBC - January 17, 2007
An unusual dwarf planet discovered in the outer Solar System could be en route to becoming the brightest comet ever known.
ASTRONOMY INDEX
ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF ALL FILES ...

L dwarf: A type of star that is even cooler than the M stars.
Lagrangian point: Point of stability in the orbital plane of a binary star system, planet, or moon.

The Dwarf Planet:
Pluto is smaller than 7 of the moons in the Solar System. Because it is so small many scientists don't consider it a planet at all. In 1999 a group of scientists attempted to redesignate Pluto as a comet.

Red Dwarf Star Systems
Resonances -- Solar System
Rising & Setting Times -- Solar System Objects & Stars ...

Red dwarf: Small main sequence star.
Red giant: The phase of a star when all the core hydrogen is used up and the star becomes enlarged. It cycles between shell burning and core burning of successivly heavier elements, up to iron.

Red dwarf -- A small star, on the order of 100 times the mass of Jupiter.
Reflection -- The deflection or bouncing of electromagnetic waves when they encounter a surface.

Red dwarf. A star that is smaller and cooler than the Sun. Most red dwarfs are about one-tenth the mass and diameter of the Sun.

This dwarf elliptical companion of M31 in Andromeda was discovered by Messier on Aug. 10, 1773, but he never entered it in his oroginal catalog - however, he published its description and engraving in 1807.

Some dwarfs may also have dark matter, based on radial-velocity dispersions of their brightest carbon stars (Aaronson 1983 ApJL 266, L11). Here progress is hard work - one must go star by star at very faint magnitudes.

White dwarfs shine simply from the release of the heat left over from when the star was still producing energy from nuclear reactions.

WHITE DWARF
A white dwarf is a small, very dense, hot near the end of its life. It is made mostly of carbon. These faint stars are what remains after a loses its outer layers. Their nuclear cores are depleted.

White Dwarf Star
The hot, compact remains of a low-mass star like our Sun that has exhausted its sources of fuel for thermonuclear fusion. White dwarf stars are generally about the size of the Earth.
Wide Field / Planetary Camera (WF/PC) ...

white dwarf star
Dying star that has collapsed to the size of Earth and is slowly cooling off. At the lower left of the H-R diagram.
Site Map ...

Brown dwarf : ``failed'' star, Mstar < 0.08 Msun, no fusion
HII regions, O&B stars ionize H, pink (H-alpha) color
Star winds & supernovae remove gas - young star cluster
Star Structure :
Energy source : p--p chain; CNO cycle ...

White dwarfs too close to the edge
Unusual supernovae may reveal intermediate-mass black holes in globular clusters.

BLACK DWARF
A black dwarf is a small, very dense, cold, dead star. It is made mostly of carbon. This dark star is what remains after a red giant star loses its outer layers, forming a planetary nebula and then a white dwarf.

black dwarf
A ball of gas which is not capable of nuclear fusion within its core, which is required to produce energy.

Brown dwarf with a large disc is ejected, lower left.
The stars and discs in the main star-forming
region at the end of the calculation.

white dwarf: A star that is the remnant core of a star that has completed fusion in its core. The sun will become a white dwarf.

Brown Dwarf
An object too small to be an ordinary star because it cannot produce enough energy by fusion in its core to compensate for the radiative energy it loses from its surface. A brown dwarf has a mass less than 0.08 times that of the Sun.

White Dwarf
A very small, white star formed when an average sized star uses up its fuel supply and collapses. This process often produces a planetary nebula, with the white dwarf star at its center.
X ...

white dwarf
A star that has exhausted most or all of its nuclear fuel and has collapsed to a very small size. Typically, a white dwarf has a radius equal to about 0.01 times that of the Sun, but it has a mass roughly equal to the Sun's.

See also: Light, Star, Sun, Solar, Mass