Hypernova
Hypernova is an astronomical term whose meaning has been shifting. In the late 1990s, it was used to mean an explosion with energy of over 100 supernovae (1046 Joules).
Another hypernova that may come to play an important role in our lives in the near future is Eta Carainae.
Hypernovae may explain the mysterious phenomena known as gamma-ray bursts. Since their discovery in the 1960s, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been determined to occur randomly in the sky, at random times.
Hypernovae
Within the last few years astronomers have discussed another, even more powerful type of exploding star. Called hypernovae these are thought to occur when very massive stars undergo core collapse.
hypernova: The explosion produced as a very massive star collapses into a black hole; thought to be responsible for at least some gamma-ray bursts.
hypothesis: A conjecture, subject to further tests, that accounts for a set of facts.
A hypernova is an enormous collapse and subsequent explosion of a supergiant star that eventually forms a black hole. This explosion is bigger than a supernova and is accompanied by a . The plural of hypernova is Hypernovae.
Astronomy Dictionary ...
The term hypernovae has been proposed for these extreme explosions.
A theory that is attracting considerable attention states that gamma-ray bursts occur as the result of material shooting towards Earth at almost the speed of light as the result of a hypernova.
A working hypothesis is that the explosion produced high-speed jets similar to those in hypernovae that produce gamma-ray bursts, but in this case, with much lower energies. The explosion also left a faint neutron star at the center of the remnant.
The explosion, which could be referred to as a hypernova or quark-nova, was 100 times more energetic than a typical supernova. Its brightness reached its peak only after 70 days, when it emitted more than 50 billion Suns' worth of light.
in such a way that the true energy release of a (long) GRB is approximately constant—about 1044 J, around 1/2000 of a solar mass. This is comparable to the energy released in a bright type Ib/c supernova (sometimes termed a "hypernova").
GAMMA RAY BURST (GRB) - Long duration g-ray bursts that coincide with powerful supernovae (hypernovae) that occur when a massive star collapses to a black hole.
Such observations have revealed that GRBs are located in the distant Universe, are accompanied by afterglows at less energetic wavelengths, and that at least some are associated with very energetic supernova explosions called hypernovae.
At the end of their lives, these massive stars collapse and explode as a type of supernova that is unusually bright, called a hypernova. The gamma rays shoot out along jets from these explosions, which sometimes point toward the Earth.
since the Big Bang and take place at large distances from our Milky Way galaxy. Their origin is still poorly understood - scientists have a variety of theories such as the merger of neutron stars or unusually bright supernovae described as hypernovae.
Long-duration bursts may be produced by black holes formed in the explosion of extremely massive stars, or hypernovas. Short duration bursts may be related to the merger of two neutron stars, or of a neutron star and a black hole.
As gamma rays can only be detected from space, dedicated satellites are used to track the sky for GRBs; ground-based telescopes then provide further observations at other wavelengths. GRBs are thought to be signs of a hypernova explosion or of a ...
They appear to come from far away in the Universe, and currently the most likely theory seems to be that at least some of them come from so-called hypernova explosions - supernovas creating black holes rather than neutron stars.
For larger redshifts, the thermal background for ground-based instruments makes their detection even more difficult, and a prime task for JWST. Searching for these supernovae (or hypernovae) suggests that deep fields, ...
^ Pair Instability Supernovae and Hypernovae., Nicolay J. Hammer, (2003), accessed May 7, 2007.
^ Ken'ichi Nomoto (1984). "Evolution of 8-10 solar mass stars toward electron capture supernovae.
grand status to the star.) Highly evolved, and with an huge mass of between 50 and 60 times that of the Sun, the star will build an iron core, its only destiny someday to explode as a great supernova, or even as a newly-recognized "hypernova, ...
 See also: Ray, Supernova, Universe, Energy, Light
  
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