Ionization, in general, occurs whenever sufficiently energetic charged particles or radiant energy travel through gases, liquids, or solids.
Reionization
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In Big Bang cosmology, reionization is the process that reionized the matter in the universe after the "dark ages.
Ionization parameter. The ionization balance of a species emitting collisionally-excited lines is set by the local ionizing-radiation field (since the electrons are freed by recombination).
ionization
the process by which an atom gains or loses electrons
ionized gas ...
IONIZATION - Process whereby atoms lose one or more electrons to become cations. Ionization occurs by ionizing radiation or if an atom suffers a sufficiently violent collision.
Ionization--the process by which a neutral atom, or a cluster of such atoms, becomes an ion. This may occur, for instance, by absorbtion of light ("photoionization") or by a collision with a fast particle ("impact ionization").
Ionization in biological systems
ATP has multiple ionizable groups with different acid dissociation constant
Acid dissociation constant ...
Ionization Radiation
Radiation such that the individual particle or quantum has sufficient energy to ionize substances. Electrons with kinetic energy just greater than the ionization potential will cause ionization, but other particles (e.g.
Ionization
the process by which ions are produced, typically occurring by collisions with atoms or electrons ("collisional ionization"), or by interaction with electromagnetic radiation ("photoionization").
Ionization
The process in which atoms lose or gain electrons.
Irregular Galaxy ...
Ionization - The removal of one or more electrons from an atom
Ionosphere - The lower part of the thermosphere of a planet in which many atoms have been ionized by ultraviolet solar photons ...
Low-Ionization Nuclear Emission-line Region
Liouville's Theorem ...
Photoionization can take place in which photons from the Sun bombard the neutrals and tranfer their energy to them, causing the neutral to emit an electron and become charged ...
[edit] Ionization trails
During the entry of a meteoroid or asteroid into the upper atmosphere, an ionization trail is created, where the molecules in the upper atmosphere are ionized by the passage of the meteor.
Photoionization in Cyg X-3
There is another mechanism which can operate in X-ray binaries to create emission lines. This is called photoionization.
Photo-ionization The loss of an electron by an atomic particle by a solar ultraviolet photon. This can occur when neutral interstellar material leaks into the heliosphere and creates pick-up ions.
Ionization of the planet's upper atmospheric gas by solar radiation produces the charged-particle atmosphere -- the ionosphere -- that acts as an obstacle to the solar wind.
deionization (NASA Thesaurus) The removal of ions from a solution by ion exchange. deka (NASA SP-7, 1965) (abbr da)
A prefix meaning multiplied by 10. Sometimes spelled deca.
Reionization
The first quasars form from gravitational collapse. The intense radiation they emit reionizes the surrounding universe. From this point on, most of the universe is composed of plasma.
Formation of stars ...
It is sometimes referred to as a pig discharge since the device was originally used as an ionization gage (Penning ionization gage).
What is the chemical composition of the ions produced by photoionization of cometary neutral particles outside the contact discontinuity and even outside the bow shock and picked up by the solar wind?
The instrument was composed of five detectors: ...
The ionization of an atom in a plasma has two effects. First, the heat capacity of the plasma is larger within than outside the temperature range over which ionization occurs.
Atmospheric electricity, except for that associated with charges within a cloud and lightning, results from the ionization of the atmosphere by solar radiation and from the movement of clouds of ions carried by atmospheric tides.
This effect comes from the more rapid decay in solar light (by photoionization or photodissociation) of the visible radicals that emit the coma light.
The hotter the star, the higher the level of ionization. Central star temperatures are commonly calculated by using the intensity of nebular emission lines to estimate the amount of ultraviolet radiation from the star and then comparing that to the ...
The 30 cm diameter engine consists of an ionization chamber into which xenon gas is injected. Electrons are emitted by a cathode traverse discharge tube and collide with the xenon gas, stripping off electrons and creating positive ions.
It may be somewhat less enriched as Sol with elements heavier than hydrogen ("metallicity") based on the ionization balance of iron and a comparison between observed and computed profiles for the extremely strong ionized calcium (Ruck and Smith, ...
Spectroscopists often refer to the ionization state of an atom by attaching a roman numeral to its chemical symbol"I for the neutral atom, II for a singly ionized atom (missing one electron), III for a doubly ionized atom (missing two electrons), ...
Radiation gets blocked in a narrow ionization layer found inside all stars cooler than the ionization temperatures of hydrogen and helium. When this occurs, the temperature within the layer increases, causing an increase in pressure.
The plots show electron density contours, which are an indication of the amount of ionization in the atmosphere. Yellows and reds indicate larger ionization and blues and greens indicate smaller ionization.
Large meteoroids can leave behind very large ionization trails, which then interact with the Earth's magnetic field. As the trail dissipates, megawatts of electromagnetic energy can be released, with a peak in the power spectrum at audio frequencies.
A bit of research reveals that most Aurora are green and result from Oxygen ionization while red comes from the ionization of Nitrogen. It is said the red Auroras are rare and only result when significant solar storms reach Earth.
Pinpointing galaxies containing stars that formed only 200 million years after the big bang helps constrain this period of reionization.
(The roman numeral refers to the ionization state. I means neutral, II means one electron ionized, III means two electrons ionized, etc. Of course Hydrogen only has one electron, so HII is as high as it gets.) An HII region then is a region of ...
1912 - Victor Hess discovers that the ionization of air increases with altitude indicating the existence of cosmic radiation
1949 - Herbert Friedman detects evidence for extrasolar X-rays
1962 - Riccardo Giacconi, Herbert Gursky, F.
Quantum Numbers and Electron Orbitals
Ionization Energy Definition - Chemistry Glossary Definition of Ionization ...
Electron - definition of electron
erg/sec - Space and Astronomy Definition - Online Dictionary and Glossary D...
An process resulting from photoionization which can lead to fractionation of molecules. This allows lighter isotopes to escape more readily before recombining.
The ionization of hydrogen (and helium which is also seen in an ionized state in the nebulae) requires high energy ultraviolet photons such as will be emitted from stars of those spectral types.
Many galaxies were found to show emission from their nuclei that could not be explained in detail by young stars, and these were dubbed LINERs (low-ionization nuclear emission-line regions).
This process is called ionization. At very high temperatures, atoms like iron can have 9 to 13 electrons ejected. Nine-times ionized iron is only produced at temperatures of 1.
Bengt Georg Daniel Strömgren (January 21, 1908 - July 4, 1987) was a Danish astronomer who studied the structure of stars, including stellar atmospheres, their composition (what elements they contain), and ionization in stars.
The region of the Earth's upper atmosphere containing a small percentage of free electrons and ions produced by photoionization of the constituents of the atmosphere by solar ultraviolet radiation at very short wavelengths (less than 1000 ...
Some nebulae are so dark that they can only be seen because of the ionization of hydrogen in the interstellar medium behind them. Essentially, the background light makes them visible.
[5.5] PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY IN EUROPE / SVANTE ARRHENIUS & IONIZATION
[5.6] PHYSICS OF GASES / CRYOGENICS
[5.7] FOOTNOTE: THE MODERN PERIODIC TABLE ...
This glowing trail of ionized gas is known as an ionization trail. Meteor showers occur at the same time every year as the Earth passes through the debris field.
However, within a short distance from a hot star nearly all its ultraviolet light is absorbed; the energy from this light maintains the state of ionization in the circumstellar H II region, which is called the Strömgren sphere (for Bengt Strömgren, ...
This type of nebula is created when energetic ultraviolet light from a hot star shines on a cloud of hydrogen gas, stripping away electrons from the atoms (ionization). The free electrons can then begin the process of recombination.
See also: Apollo asteroids Persistent train Remaining glow due to ionization in the upper atmosphere after the passage of a meteoroid. The intensity and duration depend on the meteoroid's atmospheric entry velocity, its size, and its composition.
The fact that at most places the morning shows a marked decay of auroral frequency and intensity as compared to the evening, the maximum preceding midnight by several hours, is certainly favourable to theories which postulate ionization of the ...
 See also: Element, Solar, Elements, Sun, Light
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