METALLIC HYDROGEN - State that results when hydrogen is sufficiently compressed and undergoes a phase change - an example of degenerate matter.
Metallic Hydrogen
A hypothetical form of hydrogen in which the molecules have been forced by extremely high pressures to assume the lattice structure typical of metals.
Metallic Hydrogen - A form of hydrogen in which the atoms have been forced into a lattice structure typical of metals.
liquid metallic hydrogen: A form of hydrogen under high pressure that is a good electrical conductor.
lobate scarp: A curved cliff such as those found on Mercury.
liquid metallic hydrogen - (n.)
Hydrogen in a state of semi rigidity that can exist only under conditions of extremely high pressure, as in the interiors of Jupiter and Saturn.
liter - (n.) ...
Above the core lies the main bulk of the planet in the form of liquid metallic hydrogen.
Above the layer of metallic hydrogen lies a transparent interior atmosphere of liquid hydrogen and gaseous hydrogen, with the gaseous portion extending downward from the cloud layer to a depth of about 1,000 km.
Their structures are thought to consist of an outer layer of molecular hydrogen, surrounding a layer of liquid metallic hydrogen, with a probable rocky core.
Their interiors most likely consist of liquid metallic hydrogen, a form of hydrogen distinguished by the fact that it conducts electricity. Both planets have magnetic fields oriented fairly close to their axes of rotation.
Uranus and Neptune ...
The intense magnetic field of Jupiter is thought to result from electrical currents in this region of metallic hydrogen that is spinning rapidly and thought to compose 75% of the planet's mass.
Like Jupiter's interior, Saturn's consists of a rocky core, a liquid metallic hydrogen layer, and a molecular hydrogen layer. Traces of various ices have also been detected.
The bulk of Jupiter is fluid hydrogen in two forms or phases, liquid molecular hydrogen on top and liquid metallic hydrogen below; the latter phase exists where the pressure is high enough, say 3-4 million atmospheres.
The pressure near the center is great enough to squeeze electrons from the hdyrogen atoms to make the liquid metallic hydrogen layer that is around 37,000 to 38,000 kilometers thick.
Closer to the center of the planet, the liquid hydrogen is compressed into metallic hydrogen, which is an electrical conductor. Electrical currents in this metallic hydrogen are responsible for the planet's magnetic field.
Metallic hydrogen is a conductor, and may prove to be a high-temperature superconductor (superconductors carry electricity with no or little resistance and are extraordinarily useful).
Jupiter is also warm enough so that He should be miscible in the liquid metallic hydrogen. Because Saturn is less massive than Jupiter, the transition to metallic hydrogen may occur at r 0.45 .
Probably because of the considerably smaller mass of Saturn's metallic hydrogen zone, the planet's basic magnetic field strength is only about 1/20 that of Jupiter, or about 1000 times greater than that of Earth.
It is thought to arise from electrical currents in the rapidly spinning metallic hydrogen interior. The Earth has a strong magnetic field, but even at the top of the cloud layer, Jupiter's magnetic field is 10 times stronger than that of the Earth.
The outer mantle is liquid hydrogen; the inner mantle is liquid metallic hydrogen. The layers of extraordinarily-compressed hydrogen are in a state so extreme that it has never been produced on Earth.
Above that is a large layer of liquid metallic hydrogen. Above that, there is a layer of mainly liquid hydrogen.
Layers of hydrogen and helium gas surround the metallic hydrogen, and a relatively thin layer of clouds envelops the entire planet.
Jupiter is composed of a relatively small rocky core, surrounded by metallic hydrogen, surrounded by liquid hydrogen, which is surrounded by gaseous hydrogen.
Deep under Jupiter's clouds is a huge ocean of liquid metallic hydrogen. As Jupiter spins, the swirling liquid metal ocean creates the strongest magnetic field in the solar system.
This is due to the fact that the magnetic field of Jupiter is caused by the swirling of the metallic hydrogen in it's journey around the planet. The magnetic field of Saturn is caused by a similar process, but to a lesser degree.
Planetary scientists believe that deep inside Neptune, pressure builds (and heat) until much of its formerly gaseous hydrogen turns into liquid metallic hydrogen, again like Jupiter and Saturn.
Around this is a metallic hydrogen shell some 30,000 km deep. Above this is a region composed of liquid hydrogen and helium with a gaseous atmosphere some 1000 km deep in which are the cloud structures that look like the surface of the planet.
Saturn's core may be rocky and about the size of the planet Earth. Above that hard core may be a liquid metallic hydrogen layer and a molecular hydrogen layer. Various ices also may be present.
This changes the nature of the hydrogen in such a way that it is able to conduct electricity as metal does, so it is called "metallic hydrogen." This generates the planet's magnetic field which is 20,000 times stronger than Earth's.
The atmospheric pressure is extremely high, over 1000 times than that of the Earth. Because of the great pressure, the core of Jupiter is made up of metallic hydrogen.
Such an environment sees hydrogen become an electrically conducting liquid, called metallic hydrogen.
Jupiter's core is probably metallic hydrogen in a pressure-ionized liquid phase. Jupiter's surface shows pronounced horizontal striations: the light layers (zones) are at a slightly higher altitude and about 15° cooler than the dark layers (belts).
 See also: Metal, Hydrogen, Planet, Jupiter, Earth
  
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