SILICATES
Silicates are minerals composed of silicon and oxygen with one or more other elements. Silicates make up about 95% of the Earth's crust.
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PHYLLOSILICATES - Class of hydroxyl-bearing silicate minerals with a sheet-like structure. They result from aqueous alteration are dominantly serpentine and smectite in meteorites; found in the matrixes of carbonaceous chondrites.
Silicates and ferrosilicates minerals [enstatite, MgSiO3; pyroxene, CaMgSi2O6; olivine, (Mg,Fe)2SiO4] in form of microscopic grains
First stony material, combined to form meteorites
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silicates (Galileo Project Glossary - JPL) A group of minerals constituting about 95% of the Earth's crust, and containing silicon and oxygen combined with one or more other elements.
carbonaceous meteorite type of stone meteorite containing silicates, carbon compounds (giving them their dark color), around 20% water, and sometimes amino acids (the building blocks of proteins used in biological processes of life).
They are composed largely of minerals with high melting points, such as the silicates which form their solid crusts and semi-liquid mantles, and metals such as iron and nickel, which form their cores.
K- and S-class asteroids have moderate albedos and spectral reflectances similar to the stony-iron meteorites, and they are known to contain significant amounts of silicates and metals, including the minerals olivine and pyroxene on their surfaces.
Stony meteorites are primarily composed of silicates, but up to 25% of their mass can come from iron and nickel.
1A class of Magnesium Iron Silicates (Mg, Fe)2SiO4, common components of igneous rocks.
Similarities to comets ...
It is so hot close to the sun that even silicates, which are relatively dense, have difficulty forming there.
Certainly a comet nucleus contains silicates akin to some ordinary Earth rocks in composition, probably mostly in very small grains and pieces. Perhaps the grains are glued together into larger pieces by the frozen gases.
The ices which formed the Jovian planets were more abundant than the metals and silicates which formed the terrestrial planets, allowing the Jovian planets to grow massive enough to capture hydrogen and helium, ...
P- and T-class asteroids have low albedos and no known meteorite or naturally occurring mineralogical counterparts, but they may contain a large fraction of carbon polymers or organic-rich silicates or both in their surface material.
Based on the composition of meteorites found on the Earth, most asteroids may be composed of three materials: mostly (92.8 percent) silicates (stone); metals (5.7 percent) iron and nickel; ...
"We detected for the first time a type of mineral called phyllosilicates on the surface of Phobos, particularly in the areas northeast of Stickney, its largest impact crater," says Giuranna.
This dust is made up of silicates (like the rocks on Earth) and range in size from a tenth of a micron up to the size of large rocks. Silicates emit most of their radiation at about 10 microns.
The upper mantle is mostly olivene and pyroxene (iron/magnesium silicates), calcium and aluminum.
Cosmic dust is made up of small grains of silicates, iron, carbon, frozen water and ammonia ice 0.1 to 0.01 microns (μm) in size. Although this cosmic dust only makes up 1% of the mass of the ISM it absorbs and scatters light from stars.
We have some infrared evidence for silicates, graphite, and iron"the same elements that are underabundant in the gas"lending support to the theory that interstellar dust forms out of interstellar gas.
They are primarily composed of silicates and strongly absorb, scatter, and polarize visible light at wavelengths comparable to their size, reemitting the light in the far-infrared region of the spectrum.
Rock of aluminum and calcium silicates found in the lunar highlands.
Aphelion
Point in the earth's orbit where the earth is farthest away from the Sun (summer for us) ...
A stony meteorite, composed primarily of silicates. About 93 percent of all known falls are aerolites. They include the carbonaceous chondrites, other chondrites, and achondrites. (lit. "air stone.") [H76]
After-Image ...
Interstellar dust is composed of mictoscopic bits (on the order of a micron in diameter) of carbon and/or silicates. The origin of interstellar dust in unknown, but it seems to be associated with young stars.
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19. Anorthosite
Rock of aluminum and calcium silicates found in the lunar highlands.
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20. Aphelion
Point in the earth's orbit where the earth is farthest away from the Sun (summer for us).
Its surface is highly reflective and its composition is probably a mixture of nickel-iron with magnesium- and iron-silicates....
, the first four asteroids continuing to be denoted by their traditional symbols.
Rather, irregularly shaped grains of carbon and/or silicates measuring a fraction of a micron across which are found between the stars.
Most asteroids that we know about (92.8%) fall into the first category, and are made of Silicates. 5.7% are Iron-Nickel. The balance form the third type.
Instead of containing the anhydrous silicates found in most chondrites, the carbonaceous types have claylike hydrous silicate minerals. They also contain carbonate and sulfate minerals, iron oxides, and sulfur.
Rather interstellar dust grains are much smaller clumps, on the order of a fraction of a micron across, irregularly shaped, and composed of carbon and/or silicates.
Venus's mantle and crust are thought to be composed of silicates and it core is thought to be nickel-iron.
The crust probably is a thick layer of water ice, and the mantle probably is ice and silicates. At some places the crust has spread and separated.
Composed of 70% iron and 30% rock, Mercury has a molten core, a 600-km thick mantle, and a crust of silicates. Its largest known surface feature is the Caloris Basin with a 1350 km diameter.
The majority (C-type) are similar to carbon-chrondite meteorites with approximately the same composition as the sun (excluding hydrogen) and are relatively dark. Those with a composition of nickel iron mixed with silicates of iron and magnesium ...
They are metallic nickel-iron mixed with iron- and magnesium-silicates. Most of the rest are M-type asteroids, with an albedo of 0.10 to 0.18, made of pure nickel-iron. There are several other rare-composition types of asteroids.
also able to sample the chemistry of these distant planets and get a good estimate of their temperatures. Using this technique, Spitzer has found evidence of all kinds of interesting molecules in the atmospheres of exoplanets, including silicates and ...
material, but (relatively) poor in volatile elements -- the ambient temperature was too high for volatile molecules like water, methane, and ammonia to condense. However, water molecules can be taken into some of the condensing metals and silicates ...
and OH) have also been detected within interstellar gas, along with highly ionized oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and silicon, which are likely remnants of past supernovae. The dust is made up of tiny grains of carbon, iron, and iron-magnesium silicates ...
the black skin there is a solid body composed of ices of various kinds, including water-ice, dry-ice (made of carbon dioxide), ammonia, methane and many other organic carbon compound ices all mixed together with dust. The dust contains silicates, ...
 See also: Silicate, Earth, Planet, Solar, Light
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