Solar radiation
Solar irradiance spectrum at top of atmosphere.
Solar radiation is radiant energy emitted by the sun, particularly electromagnetic energy.
Solar Radiation & Climate Experiment, or SORCE -- Education and Outreach Website -- This link provides the education and outreach opportunities related to the SOlar Radiation & Climate Experiment.
Solar radiation management projects are a type of geoengineering which seek to reflect sunlight and thus reduce global warming.
Solar radiation - Encyclopedia of Earth
Total solar irradiance data archive 1978-2007 at the website of the National Geophysical Data Center ...
circumsolar radiation (NASA Thesaurus) Radiation from small angle scattering of direct sunlight from atmospheric aerosols with dimensions on the order of or greater than the wavelength of light.
The solar cells used on satellites and space probes are photovoltaic cells employing a semiconductor such as silicon which releases electrons when bombarded by photons from solar radiation.
In the case of the latter, the ammonia could be photodissociated via solar radiation over a long period of time (~ 0.1 - 1 Gigayear), generating the current nitrogen-rich atmosphere, with some methane.
greenhouse effect increase in temperature caused when incoming solar radiation is passed but outgoing thermal radiation is blocked by the atmosphere (carbon dioxide and water vapor are the major factors).
Now suppose we increased the effectiveness of greenhouse heating of the Earth's atmosphere, for example by increasing the amount of solar radiation falling on it, or by increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (for example, ...
and if intense enough will appeal to the eye as luminous between about wave-lengths 7600 and 4000 tenth-metres; this intensity is a question of temperature, and as it is exquisitely inappropriate to speak of the bulk of the solar radiations as black, ...
The number of sunspots has been found to correlate with the intensity of solar radiation over the period (since 1979) when satellite measurements of radiation are available.
Although Solar radiation and lighting should be producing large amounts of carbon monoxide (CO), the gas was found to be scarce, as if something was removing it.
Bond albedo, defined as the fraction of the total incident solar radiation reflected by a planet back to space, is a measure of the planet's energy balance. (It is so named for the American astronomer George P.
On planets where the primary heat source is solar radiation, excess heat in the tropics is transported to higher latitudes.
Atmospheric electricity, except for that associated with charges within a cloud and lightning, results from the ionization of the atmosphere by solar radiation and from the movement of clouds of ions carried by atmospheric tides.
Particulates that absorb solar radiation are extraordinarily pervasive throughout Titan's atmosphere, attaining substantial tangential optical depth even at altitudes of 300 kilometres and gas pressures substantially below one millibar.
They moderate the Earth's temperature by absorbing incoming solar radiation (stored as heat energy). The always-moving ocean currents distribute this heat energy around the globe. This heats the land and air during winter and cools it during summer.
Ionization of the planet's upper atmospheric gas by solar radiation produces the charged-particle atmosphere -- the ionosphere -- that acts as an obstacle to the solar wind.
The gas which is blown away from the coma is ionised by solar radiation and becomes electrically charged. It is then affected strongly by the magnetic fields associated with the solar wind (a stream of charged particles expelled by the Sun).
In the outer Solar System, the planets recieve much less light and heat from the Sun, as they are much further away, and the Solar radiation travelling outwards behaves according to an inverse square law.
This partial trapping of solar radiation is known as the greenhouse effect. The name comes from the fact that a very similar process operates in a greenhouse.
The dust tail is comprised of dust particles pushed out of the coma by solar radiation pressure. The long white curving tail so often photographed from Earth is the dust tail.
Scientists predicted that these clouds, which form at around 50-70 kilometres above the surface, would be destroyed by solar radiation at higher altitudes. Surprisingly, Venus Express has now detected a layer of sulphur dioxide at 90-110 kilometres.
Original estimates had the orbit lasting for 2000 years, but it was discovered that solar radiation pressure and atmospheric drag during high levels of solar activity produced significant perturbations in the perigee height of the satellite, ...
Kuiper Belt Objects were never exposed to the higher temperatures and solar radiation levels of the inner solar system. Pluto has large quantities of nitrogen ice, and simple molecules of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
On those worlds, the stratosphere owes its existence to the absorption of solar radiation by methane and dust, rather than by ozone.
The average amount of solar radiation reaching a planet; usually expressed in watts (energy per unit time) per square meter. For Earth, the solar constant equals 1,372 W/m2.
An object's albedo is the ratio of the amount of solar radiation reflected from an object to the total amount it receives. An object with a high albedo is shinier than an object with a low albedo.
This technique exploits the fact that the infrared radiation (heat) emitted by an asteroid must balance the solar radiation it absorbs.
A warming of the Earth's surface and lower layers of the atmosphere caused by interaction of solar radiation with atmospheric gases (mainly carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor) and its conversion to heat because it is transparent to incoming ...
albedo -- The ratio of the amount of solar radiation reflected from an object to the total amount incident upon it.
Alcott -- Louisa May Alcott (1832-1888) American author.
altimetry -- The measurement of elevation or altitude.
If a comet's orbit takes it close to the Sun, the solar radiation will cause the volatile materials in the comet to vaporize, carrying some of the dust along with them.
Observatory, Orbiting - research satellite designed to study solar radiation, electromagnetic radiation from distant stars, the earth's atmosphere, or the like. Because the atmosphere and other aspects of the earth's environ...
In fact, propulsion derived from the solar wind is several orders of magnitude less than that from solar radiation. A quantitative comparison between these effects will be discussed below.
NASA announced that Explorer XII had successfully completed its first orbit, radioing data on magnetic fields and solar radiation from an of nearly 54,000 miles and within 170 miles of the Earth.
November 19, 1961 ...
This happens in the vacuum of space with comets, as the heating effects of solar radiation cause ices in comets to "steam off" as gasses into space.
All clouds block some fraction of the incoming solar radiation, and absorb some fraction of the heat radiated back from the Earth's surface, and the balance between these two processes is hard to quantify.
Amount of radiation received from the Sun per unit area on the Earth's surface per unit time. (The word is a contraction of "incoming solar radiation"). [H76]
Instability Strip ...
It also points away from the Sun because of the repulsive force exerted by solar radiation pressure on the minute particles. Larger particles released from the nucleus take up orbits that have nearly the same parameters as the parent comet.
Mesosphere - The layer of a planet's atmosphere above the stratosphere. The mesosphere is heated by absorbing solar radiation ...
Humans landing on the martian surface will need to contend with the extreme cold of the night and will need to protect themselves from the harmful solar radiation during the day.
These latter elements are important to have because they help to absorb harmful solar radiation before it can reach the surface of the Earth. If present in larger amounts, most of these latter elements would be poisonous to humans.
to repeat) is to NEVER look at the Sun, even during an eclipse without proper filters. Dark sunglasses, exposed black and white film, or welder's glasses should never be used to view an eclipse with. They allow far too much of the solar radiation to ...
Sunlight reflected off the dust is what we see as the yellowish coma and tail of the comet, and interaction of the solar radiation with the gases gives us the characteristic blue appearance of the plasma tail.
This appears to represent a classic example of a non-linear response -- true catastrophic phenomena, where only a small change in circumstances, such as an increase in the solar radiation from the Sun, can produce a huge shift [Sheehan, 2003].
Bond albedo (named for the American astronomer George Bond (1826-1865)), also known as spherical albedo, is the fraction of the total incident solar radiation - the radiation at all wavelengths - that is reflected or scattered by an object in all ...
 See also: Solar, Earth, Sun, Planet, Atmosphere
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