Solar radiation

Solar radiation is commonly measured with a pyranometer or pyrheliometer. Climate effect of solar radiation ...

Solar radiation management projects are a type of geoengineering which seek to reflect sunlight and thus reduce global warming.

Solar radiation - Encyclopedia of Earth Total solar irradiance data archive 1978-2007 at the website of the National Geophysical Data Center ...

Most of the solar radiation (light and heat) that hits the ocean is absorbed in the first few tens of meters of water. Waves and turbulence mix this heat downward quickly.

A term frequently applied to the process by which solar radiation is scattered by dust and other suspensoids in the atmosphere. See diffuse sky radiation.

The solar cells used on satellites and space probes are photovoltaic cells employing a semiconductor such as silicon which releases electrons when bombarded by photons from solar radiation.

In the case of the latter, the ammonia could be photodissociated via solar radiation over a long period of time (~ 0.1 - 1 Gigayear), generating the current nitrogen-rich atmosphere, with some methane.

Astronomy has obvious practical applications to timekeeping; calendars; daily, seasonal, and long-term changes in weather; navigation; the effect of solar radiation, tides, and impacts of asteroids and comets with the earth.

and if intense enough will appeal to the eye as luminous between about wave-lengths 7600 and 4000 tenth-metres; this intensity is a question of temperature, and as it is exquisitely inappropriate to speak of the bulk of the solar radiations as black, ...

The number of sunspots has been found to correlate with the intensity of solar radiation over the period (since 1979) when satellite measurements of radiation are available.

Although Solar radiation and lighting should be producing large amounts of carbon monoxide (CO), the gas was found to be scarce, as if something was removing it.

Atmospheric electricity, except for that associated with charges within a cloud and lightning, results from the ionization of the atmosphere by solar radiation and from the movement of clouds of ions carried by atmospheric tides.

Particulates that absorb solar radiation are extraordinarily pervasive throughout Titan's atmosphere, attaining substantial tangential optical depth even at altitudes of 300 kilometres and gas pressures substantially below one millibar.

A comet is a small body in the solar system that orbits the Sun and (at least occasionally) exhibits a coma (or atmosphere) and/or a tail ‹ both primarily from the effects of solar radiation upon the comet's nucleus, ...

They moderate the Earth's temperature by absorbing incoming solar radiation (stored as heat energy). The always-moving ocean currents distribute this heat energy around the globe. This heats the land and air during winter and cools it during summer.

The gas which is blown away from the coma is ionised by solar radiation and becomes electrically charged. It is then affected strongly by the magnetic fields associated with the solar wind (a stream of charged particles expelled by the Sun).

Above that, in the stratosphere, the ozone (O3) starts absorbing the ultraviolet solar radiation, and temperature starts rising again.

The dust tail is comprised of dust particles pushed out of the coma by solar radiation pressure. The long white curving tail so often photographed from Earth is the dust tail.

Water vapor breaks down under solar radiation into oxygen and hydrogen, and the hydrogen escapes into space. That's how Venus lost its water ages ago. The sulfur gases react with the rocks on Venus's surface and leave the atmosphere.

Kuiper Belt Objects were never exposed to the higher temperatures and solar radiation levels of the inner solar system. Pluto has large quantities of nitrogen ice, and simple molecules of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

This technique exploits the fact that the infrared radiation (heat) emitted by an asteroid must balance the solar radiation it absorbs.

An object's albedo is the ratio of the amount of solar radiation reflected from an object to the total amount it receives. An object with a high albedo is shinier than an object with a low albedo.

The average amount of solar radiation reaching a planet; usually expressed in watts (energy per unit time) per square meter. For Earth, the solar constant equals 1,372 W/m2.

A warming of the Earth's surface and lower layers of the atmosphere caused by interaction of solar radiation with atmospheric gases (mainly carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor) and its conversion to heat because it is transparent to incoming ...

albedo -- The ratio of the amount of solar radiation reflected from an object to the total amount incident upon it. Alcott -- Louisa May Alcott (1832-1888) American author. altimetry -- The measurement of elevation or altitude.

A region of the Earth's upper atmosphere where solar radiation ionizes the air molecules. This region affects the transmission of radio waves and extends from 50 to 400 kilometers (30 to 250 miles) above the Earth's surface. Irregular Galaxy ...

Observatory, Orbiting - research satellite designed to study solar radiation, electromagnetic radiation from distant stars, the earth's atmosphere, or the like. Because the atmosphere and other aspects of the earth's environ...

The partial trapping of solar radiation by a planetary atmosphere similar to the trapping of heat in a greenhouse. greenhouse gas Gas (such as carbon dioxide or water vapor) that efficiently absorbs infrared radiation.

NASA announced that Explorer XII had successfully completed its first orbit, radioing data on magnetic fields and solar radiation from an of nearly 54,000 miles and within 170 miles of the Earth. November 19, 1961 ...

When it is even closer to the Sun, solar radiation usually blows the dust of the coma away from the head and produces a dust tail, which is often rather wide, featureless, and yellowish.

Clouds (together with the ice caps and particles in the air) reflect about 30 percent of the solar radiation that the Earth receives. The greenhouse effect traps the remaining heat in our atmosphere.

All clouds block some fraction of the incoming solar radiation, and absorb some fraction of the heat radiated back from the Earth's surface, and the balance between these two processes is hard to quantify.

Amount of radiation received from the Sun per unit area on the Earth's surface per unit time. (The word is a contraction of "incoming solar radiation"). Instability Strip ...

It also points away from the Sun because of the repulsive force exerted by solar radiation pressure on the minute particles. Larger particles released from the nucleus take up orbits that have nearly the same parameters as the parent comet.

Mesosphere - The layer of a planet's atmosphere above the stratosphere. The mesosphere is heated by absorbing solar radiation ...

Humans landing on the martian surface will need to contend with the extreme cold of the night and will need to protect themselves from the harmful solar radiation during the day.

These latter elements are important to have because they help to absorb harmful solar radiation before it can reach the surface of the Earth. If present in larger amounts, most of these latter elements would be poisonous to humans.

to repeat) is to NEVER look at the Sun, even during an eclipse without proper filters. Dark sunglasses, exposed black and white film, or welder's glasses should never be used to view an eclipse with. They allow far too much of the solar radiation to ...

Sunlight reflected off the dust is what we see as the yellowish coma and tail of the comet, and interaction of the solar radiation with the gases gives us the characteristic blue appearance of the plasma tail.

Bond albedo (named for the American astronomer George Bond (1826-1865)), also known as spherical albedo, is the fraction of the total incident solar radiation - the radiation at all wavelengths - that is reflected or scattered by an object in all ...

greenhouse effect increase in temperature caused when incoming solar radiation is passed but outgoing thermal radiation is blocked by the atmosphere (carbon dioxide and water vapor are the major factors).

See also: Solar, Earth, Atmosphere, Sun, Planet