thermal gas (Solar Physics Glossary - NASA GSFC) A collection of particles that collide with each other and exchange energy frequently, giving a distribution of particle energies that can be characterized by a single temperature.
Nonthermal Particle A particle that is not part of a thermal gas. These particles cannot be described by a conventional temperature. Nonthermal Radiation Radiation emitted by nonthermal electrons.
references on emission-line processes are Osterbrock, Astrophysics of Gaseous Nebulae and Active Galactic Nuclei (University Science Books); Spitzer, Physical Processes in the Interstellar Medium (Wiley-Interscience); Aller, Physics of Thermal ...
Hawking's semi-classical argument is reproduced in a quantum mechanical AdS/CFT treatment where a black hole in anti-de Sitter space is described by a thermal gas in a gauge theory, whose time reversal is the same as itself.
See also: Flux, Frequency, Core, Field, Emission
 
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