Safety Pilot per FAR 91.109(b)
Safety pilot must be private with category and class ratings. If VFR safety pilot does not need IFR rating. If IFR PIC must be instrument rated, current, and legal.
Logging Safety Pilot Time
Dear Flight Training:
A friend of mine wants me to act as a safety pilot for him in his Mooney while he obtains the instrument experience necessary to be instrument current.
However, to make the system really work requires a safety pilot because we're going to ask you to close your eyes. With him keeping an eye on things, close your eyes and repeat the rabbit-chasing exercise.
When you are under the hood, practicing flight by reference to instruments, you should start by telling your safety pilot (whether it's me or somebody else) “I'm delegating the traffic-spotting to you”.
When practicing instrument approaches in visual meteorological conditions, a safety pilot is required.
Before attempting any high performance maneuver and when transitioning to a different aircraft make sure to read the Pilot Operating Handbook and get thorough training with a qualified instructor or a safety pilot familiar with the type of aircraft ...
Second pilot - Unofficial term used to describe short (usually 8-10 hours) flying courses designed to enable non-pilot light aircraft passengers to take control and land in an emergency such as pilot incapacitation. Also standby or safety pilot ...
 See also: Pilot, Flight, Crew, Aviation, Airport
  
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