Amino acid residue is what is left of an amino acid once a water molecule has been lost (an H+ from the nitrogenous side and an OH- from the carboxylic side) in the formation of a peptide bond .
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Amino acid
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amino acids
Organic acids containing an amino (NH2) group; the subunits of protein molecules. There are 20 common amino acids.
Source: Curtis, Helena. 1968. Biology. New York, NY. Worth Publishers ...
The Amino Acids
(For each amino acid, both the three-letter and single-letter codes are given. CLICK the NAME to see the structural formula) AlanineAlaA
hydrophobic ArginineArgR
free amino group makes it basic and hydrophilic AsparagineAsnN ...
Basic amino acids are polar and positively charged at pH values below their pKa's, and are very hydrophilic.
amino acid
noun
1. a molecule consisting of the basic amino group (NH2), the acidic carboxylic group (COOH), a hydrogen atom (-H), and an organic side group (R) attached to the carbon atom, thus, having the basic formula of NH2CHRCOOH.
Amino Acids
Amino acids are a set of 20 different molecules used to build proteins. Proteins consist of one or more chains of amino acids called polypeptides.
Amino acid (uh-MEE-no) A chemical building block of proteins. There are 20 standard amino acids. A protein consists of a specific sequence of amino acids.
Amino acid: Any of a class of 20 molecules that are combined to form proteins in living things. The sequence of amino acids in a protein and hence protein function are determined by the genetic code.
Amino acids: Small molecules that form the building blocks of proteins.
Autosome: All chro mosomes except those involved in sex determination.
Bacteria: Tiny one-celled organisms.
amino acid -- unit molecule from which proteins are constructed by polymerization.
ATP -- "adenosine triphosphate". A relatively stable, high energy molecule used to fuel chemical reactions within cells.
Amino acid. Any of 20 basic building blocks of proteins-- composed of a free amino (NH2) end, a free carboxyl (COOH) end, and a side group (R).
amino acid sequence Amino acid sequences for proteins from the start of translation to the terminator. Unless specifically noted, the sequences contain all amino acids present before any post translational modification occurs (e.g.
Amino acid analog
See analog.
Ampicillin (Amp)
An antibiotic that inhibits crosslinking of peptidoglycan chains in the cell wall of eubacteria.
Amino acids: Basic structural unit of proteins.
Amphidromic Point: The central point of a cyclonic tidal system, at which the vertical astronomical tidal range is nil, or very small, ...
Amino Acid a carbon bonded to four different things: an amino group (-NH2)‚ a carboxyl group (-COOH)‚ a hydrogen (-H)‚ and a side chain (symbolized by "-R")
(amine = -NH2 chemical group; carboxylic acid = -COOH chemical group) ...
amino acids The subunits (monomers) from which proteins (polymers) are assembled. Each amino acid consists of an amino functional group, and a carboxyl acid group, and differs from other amino acids by the composition of an R group. PICTURE ...
amino acid
(am-ee-no) [Gk. Ammon, referring to the Egyptian sun god, near whose temple ammonium salts were first prepared from camel dung]
An organic molecule possessing both carboxyl and amino groups.
Amino acid
Different kinds of small molecules that link together in long chains to form proteins, amino acids are often referred to as the "building blocks" of proteins. [Talking Glossary]
Amniocentesis ...
Amino acid An organic acid with an α-carbon atom linked to a carboxylic acid, an amino group, a hydrogen atom, and a side chain (the R group). Twenty different amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
Amino Acids
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
Twenty of the amino acids are used to make protein. Each has a carboxyl group (COOH) and an amino group (NH2).
Amino acid
- The fundamental building blocks of a protein molecule. A protein is composed of a chain of hundreds or thousands of amino acids. Our bodies can synthesize most of the amino acids.
AMINO ACIDS - The 20 basic building blocks of proteins, consisting of the basic formula NH2-CHR-COOH, where "R" is the side chain which defines the amino acid: ...
amino acids - serve as the subunits for proteins and consist of both a carboxylic acid group as well as an amino acid group.
base - a molecule that accepts H+ ion (proton) ...
Amino acids. Basic structural unit of proteins
Anadromous fish. Fish that spends most of its life feeding in the open ocean but that migrates to spawn in fresh water
Anoxic. Lacking oxygen.
Amino acids are linked together into a polypeptide, the primary structure in the organization of proteins.
amino acid An organic molecule including one or more amino (_NH2) and acid (_COOH) groups; one of the 20 nitrogen-containing molecules that make up proteins.
An amino acid precursor. Glutamate is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and spinal cord.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ...
An Amino Acid (not to scale; proteins below)
Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure of proteins.
ABCDEF are several different proteins containing alpha helices and beta sheets.
There are 20 amino acids in nature from which all proteins are built. Polymers constructed by two or more amino acids, joined by peptide bonds, are called polypeptides.
Alterations in amino acids that may be distant from each other in the primary sequence can lead to changes in folding.
Amino acid sequence -- the linear order of the amino acids in a protein or peptide.
Auxotrophic mutantA bacterial strain which has a mutation in at least one of the enzymes in a biochemical pathway responsible for synthesising an essential substance, for example an amino acid.
Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from L-arginine, and in endothelial cells influx of l-arginine is mediated predominantly via Na+-independent cationic amino acid transporters.
In 1990, all of the then known amino acid sequences were compared in order to infer a phylogeny for the opsin molecules.
A large molecule composed of one or more chains of amino acids in a specific order; the order is determined by the base sequence of nucleotides in the gene coding for the protein.
Because most amino acid changes will disrupt protein structure and those non-synonymous substitutions (dn) causing them will not be maintained.
They translate the genetic code from the molecular language of nucleic acid to that of amino acids-the building blocks of proteins. Proteins are the molecules that perform all the functions of cells and living organisms.
Mixing and Matching Amino Acids
The process of making proteins is quite simple. We just explained that mRNA is made in the nucleus and sent into the cell. The mRNA then combines with the ribosome subunits.
A long chain of amino acids joined by peptide bonds. Cf. peptide.
Related Terms:
Amino acid
Any of a class of 20 molecules that are combined to form proteins in living things.
Cells transcribe a DNA gene into an RNA version of the gene, and a ribosome then translates the RNA into a protein, a sequence of amino acids.
Enzymes that differ in amino acid sequence yet catalyze the same reaction. Isozymes differ in biochemichal properties(such as electropheric mobility) and kinetic properties(Km, rate constant etc.). They are encoded by different genetic loci.
Codon: In an mRNA, a codon is a sequence of three nucleotides which codes for the incorporation of a specific amino acid into the growing protein. The sequence of codons in the mRNA unambiguously defines the primary structure of the final protein.
For example, as your cells break down amino acids, they produce a dangerous toxin known as urea. The cells of your body excrete this urea into your blood.
Your Kidneys ...
A class of small RNAs used by the cell to carry amino acids to the enzyme complex (the ribosome) which builds proteins, using an mRNA as a guide.
Other Resources
PubMed Google ...
To ascertain the sequence (or particular order) of amino acid or nucleotide residues in a protein or nucleic acid ...
Library of Life -- An online, interactive introduction to DNA, chromosomes, genes, amino acids, genetic disease, and cell types. From the Washington Post.
translation - process whereby mRNA code is used by the ribosome to synthesize a polypeptide chain (protein) from amino acid precursors.
transposable element - see transposon ...
protein
A three-dimensional biological polymer constructed from a set of 20 different monomers called amino acids.
Covered in BIOL1020 Lab 2 Biological Molecules ...
A sequencing approach that uses several pooled samples simultaneously, greatly increasing sequencing speed.
Related Terms:
Sequencing
Determination of the order of nucleotides (base sequences) in a DNA or RNA molecule or the order of amino acids in ...
Each ribosome comprises two parts, a large subunit and a small subunit. Messenger RNA from the cell nucleus is moved systematically along the ribosome where transfer RNA adds individual amino acid molecules to the lengthening protein chain.
Protein - a complex molecule found in numerous cellular structures that is composed of amino acids
Protist cell - kingdom containing organisms with eukaryotic cells that are unicellular and multicellular and reproduce sexually and asexually ...
 See also: Protein, Acids, Amino acids, Proteins, Trans
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