amino acids
Organic acids containing an amino (NH2) group; the subunits of protein molecules. There are 20 common amino acids.
Source: Curtis, Helena. 1968. Biology. New York, NY. Worth Publishers ...
The Amino Acids
(For each amino acid, both the three-letter and single-letter codes are given. CLICK the NAME to see the structural formula) AlanineAlaA
hydrophobic ArginineArgR
free amino group makes it basic and hydrophilic AsparagineAsnN ...
Basic amino acids are polar and positively charged at pH values below their pKa's, and are very hydrophilic.
Amino acids
In chemistry, an amino acid is a molecule containing both amine and carboxyl functional groups. These molecules are particularly important in biochemistry, where this term refers to alpha-amino acids with the general formula...
Amino Acids
Amino acids are a set of 20 different molecules used to build proteins. Proteins consist of one or more chains of amino acids called polypeptides.
Amino acids: Small molecules that form the building blocks of proteins.
Autosome: All chro mosomes except those involved in sex determination.
Bacteria: Tiny one-celled organisms.
Amino acids: Basic structural unit of proteins.
Amphidromic Point: The central point of a cyclonic tidal system, at which the vertical astronomical tidal range is nil, or very small, ...
Amino acids: Building blocks of peptides. Each amino acid is encoded by DNA. See Amino Acids and Biochemical Grouping of Amino Acids.
Amorph (null allele): A mutation that leads to complete loss of function.
amino acids The subunits (monomers) from which proteins (polymers) are assembled. Each amino acid consists of an amino functional group, and a carboxyl acid group, and differs from other amino acids by the composition of an R group. PICTURE ...
Amino Acids
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
Twenty of the amino acids are used to make protein. Each has a carboxyl group (COOH) and an amino group (NH2).
[edit] Amino acids and proteins
Proteins are made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by peptide bonds. Many proteins are the enzymes that catalyze the chemical reactions in metabolism.
AMINO ACIDS - The 20 basic building blocks of proteins, consisting of the basic formula NH2-CHR-COOH, where "R" is the side chain which defines the amino acid: ...
amino acids - serve as the subunits for proteins and consist of both a carboxylic acid group as well as an amino acid group.
base - a molecule that accepts H+ ion (proton) ...
Amino acids. Basic structural unit of proteins
Anadromous fish. Fish that spends most of its life feeding in the open ocean but that migrates to spawn in fresh water
Anoxic. Lacking oxygen.
Amino acids are linked together into a polypeptide, the primary structure in the organization of proteins.
The amino acids that an animal cannot synthesize itself and must obtain from food. Eight amino acids are essential in the human adult.
estivation ...
Two or more amino acids joined by a bond called a "peptide bond."
See also: polypeptide
Phage
A virus for which the natural host is a bacterial cell.
There are 20 amino acids in nature from which all proteins are built. Polymers constructed by two or more amino acids, joined by peptide bonds, are called polypeptides.
Essential amino acids Amino acids that cannot be synthesized de novo and therefore must be acquired from the diet; in adult mammals, at least nine amino acids are considered essential.
Eubacteria The most common form of extant prokaryotes.
Alterations in amino acids that may be distant from each other in the primary sequence can lead to changes in folding.
The sequence of amino acids is called its primary structure (the bonds between the amino acids are called peptide bonds) and the sequence is determined by the genetic code.
There are over 100 amino acids that have been found to occur naturally; each of them differs in R group. Twenty of them are involved in making up a protein, and are classified as whether they are non-essential or essential.
A group of three nucleotides that specifies addition of one of the 20 amino acids during translation of an mRNA into a polypeptide. Strings of codons form genes and strings of genes form chromosomes.
Amino acid sequence -- the linear order of the amino acids in a protein or peptide.
The sequence of amino acids in a protein and hence protein function are determined by the genetic code
Amplification An increase in the number of copies of a specific DNA fragment; can be in vivo or in vitro.
Proteins are large, complex molecules made up of long chains of subunits called amino acids. Twenty different kinds of amino acids are usually found in proteins.
This technique was used, for example, in the work of Steffen Schulze-Kremer, who wrote a genetic algorithm to predict the three-dimensional structure of a protein based on the sequence of amino acids that go into it (Mitchell 1996, p. 62).
A large molecule composed of one or more chains of amino acids in a specific order; the order is determined by the base sequence of nucleotides in the gene coding for the protein.
Our multi-dimensional NMR studies of a substrate-binding domain fragment (amino acids 387-552) from an Escherichia coli Hsp70, DnaK(387-552), have uncovered a pH-dependent conformational change, ...
Adaptor molecules which translate the triplet code from the mRNA sequence into the corresponding chain of amino acids. tRNAs are short (about 74-95 bases), single-stranded RNA molecules that contain a high proportion of modified nucleosides.
They translate the genetic code from the molecular language of nucleic acid to that of amino acids-the building blocks of proteins. Proteins are the molecules that perform all the functions of cells and living organisms.
Mixing and Matching Amino Acids
The process of making proteins is quite simple. We just explained that mRNA is made in the nucleus and sent into the cell. The mRNA then combines with the ribosome subunits.
A long chain of amino acids joined by peptide bonds. Cf. peptide.
Related Terms:
Amino acid
Any of a class of 20 molecules that are combined to form proteins in living things.
- A complex biological molecule composed of a chain of units called amino acids.
Protein A molecule composed of amino acids lined up in a precise order determined by a gene, then folded into a specific three-dimensional shape.
N- or C-terminal The amino acids which form polypeptides are joined by peptide bonds between the amino group of one amino acid and the carboxy group of the next.
Protease. An enzyme that cleaves peptide bonds that link amino acids in protein molecules.
Protein. A polymer of amino acids linked via peptide bonds and which may be composed of two or more polypeptide chains. (See Polypeptide.) ...
peptide bond. A bond that binds amino acids together into a polypeptide chain, formed by removing an OH from the carboxyl group of one amino acid and an H from the amino group of another to form an amide group _CO_NH_.
Dipeptide‚ Tripeptide two or three amino acids bonded together
(di = two; tri = three; pepti = digested‚ cooked)
Diploid having two sets of chromosomes
(diplo = double‚ two; ploid = a set of chromosomes) ...
For example, as your cells break down amino acids, they produce a dangerous toxin known as urea. The cells of your body excrete this urea into your blood.
Your Kidneys ...
RNA molecules which bond with amino acids and transfer them to ribosomes, where protein synthesis is completed.
Source : PhRMA Genomics
Transgenic ...
A class of small RNAs used by the cell to carry amino acids to the enzyme complex (the ribosome) which builds proteins, using an mRNA as a guide.
Other Resources
PubMed Google ...
protein -- class of biochemical compounds constructed from amino acids. Proteins may be structural, such as those that make up hair and cartilage, or they may be reactive, such as the enzymes.
A nitrogenous waste generated by deamination of amino acids (NH3).
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ...
amino acid sequence Amino acid sequences for proteins from the start of translation to the terminator. Unless specifically noted, the sequences contain all amino acids present before any post translational modification occurs (e.g.
Genetic code The rules for converting the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA into a sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide.
tRNA: "transfer RNA"; one of a class of rather small RNAs used by the cell to carry amino acids to the enzyme complex (the ribosome) which builds proteins, using an mRNA as a guide. Fairly abundant.
...
Cells transcribe a DNA gene into an RNA version of the gene, and a ribosome then translates the RNA into a protein, a sequence of amino acids.
protein
A three-dimensional biological polymer constructed from a set of 20 different monomers called amino acids.
Covered in BIOL1020 Lab 2 Biological Molecules ...
A sequencing approach that uses several pooled samples simultaneously, greatly increasing sequencing speed.
Related Terms:
Sequencing
Determination of the order of nucleotides (base sequences) in a DNA or RNA molecule or the order of amino acids in ...
Protein - a complex molecule found in numerous cellular structures that is composed of amino acids
Protist cell - kingdom containing organisms with eukaryotic cells that are unicellular and multicellular and reproduce sexually and asexually ...
 See also: Amino acid, Acids, Protein, Proteins, Molecule
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