Complementary
Supplying a defect or helping to do so, making complete, accessory.
Origin: L. Complere = to fill ...
complementary DNA (cDNA)
cDNA is DNA copied from message RNA (mRNA).
Related ...
complementary DNA (cDNA) Synthetic DNA reverse transcribed from a specific RNA through the action of the enzyme reverse transcriptase. DNA synthesized by reverse transcriptase using RNA as a template.
The Complement System
Overview
Sometimes the interaction of antibodies with antigen is useful by itself. For example, ...
Complementary base pair: a pair of bases in which the identity of one base defines the identity of its partner base. E.g.: In a DNA molecule there are two complementary base pairs--Adenine and thymine, and guanine and cytosine.
Complementary sequence: A sequence of bases that can form a double-stranded structure by matching base pairs. The complementary sequence to G-T-A-C, for instance, is C-A-T-G. Cytosine (C): A base; one of the molecular compon ents of DNA and RNA.
Complementary DNA see cDNA
Complementation The ability of two different mutations to produce a wild type phenotype in a double heterozygote.
Complementation
The ability of a gene to produce a functional gene product which compensates for the mutant phenotype caused by a mutation in another gene. Typically, the complementing gene produces a gene product (e.g.
Complementary nucleotides. Members of the pairs adenine-thymine, adenine-uracil, and guaninecytosine that have the ability to hydrogen bond to one another. (See nucleotide.) ...
complementary nucleotides The bonding preferences of nucleotides, Adenine with Thymine, and Cytosine with Guanine. Also referred to as complementary base pairing. PICTURE ...
complement fixation
An immune response in which antigen-antibody complexes activate complement proteins.
complement system ...
Complementation: The production of a wildtype phenotype when two recessive mutations from different genes are brought together.
Complementary sequence Nucleic acid base sequence that can form a double-stranded structure with another DNA fragment by following base-pairing rules (A pairs with T and C with G). The complementary sequence to GTAC for example, is CATG.
Complementarity-determining region (CDR) In immunoglobulin L and H chains, polypeptide segments that display great sequence variability and are responsible for antigenic specificity.
[edit] Complement system
Main article: Complement system
The complement system is a biochemical cascade of the immune system that helps clear pathogens from an organism.
Complementation test
A mating test to determine whether two different recessive mutations (a1;a2) on opposite chromosomes (trans, a1+/+a2) of a diploid or partial diploid will not complement (ie have a mutant phenotype) each other; ...
Complementary DNA (cDNA)
DNA that is synthesized from a messenger RNA template that corresponds to expressed sequences of genomic DNA. The term complementary DNA also may refer to DNA that is complementary to a particular DNA sequence.
Complement fixation test
a serologic procedure to detect antibodies which combine with specific antigen in the presence of complement ...
Complement and antibodies are both components of the immune system that jointly help in fighting infection and foreign tissue. Here, antibody and complement work together to lyse these "foreign" red blood cells.
3.6 Human platelets crawling on glass ...
complementary base pairs - base-pairing between a larger purine base (adenine or guanine) and a smaller pyrimidine base (cytosine or thymine) while DNA is in its double-helix. (A/T, G/C) ...
Complementary bases are assembled (U instead of T).
A termination code in the DNA indicates where transcription will stop.
The mRNA produced is called a mRNA transcript.
Complementation
- Process by which genes on different DNA molecules interact. Usually a protein product is involved, as this is a diffusible molecule that can exert its effect away from the DNA itself.
COMPLEMENTARY - See BASE PAIR.
CONFORMATIONAL EPITOPE - An epitope which is dependent upon folding of a protein; ...
complement fixation test Immunological method used to detect presence of antibodies that bind (or fix) complement; a standard diagnostic test for many infections.
The complement system directly kills microbes, supplements inflammatory response, and works with the immune response. It complements the actions of the immune system.
Fragment complementarity and splicing
Because recognition sequences differ between restriction enzymes, the length and the exact sequence of a sticky-end "overhang", as well as whether it is the 5' or the 3' strand that overhangs, ...
The entire complement of genetic material in a chromosome set. The entire genetic complement of a prokaryote, virus, mitochondrion or chloroplast or the haploid nuclear genetic complement of a eukaryotic species.
Chromosome Complement
Humans are diploid creatures, meaning that each of the chromosomes in our body are paired up with another.
it depends on complementary base pairing
B.
a polysaccharide can hybridize with a DNA strand ...
cDNA clone: "complementary DNA"; a piece of DNA copied from an mRNA. The term "clone" indicates that this cDNA has been spliced into a plasmid or other vector in order to propagate it.
The chromosomal complement of an individual, including the number of chromosomes and any abnormalities. The term is also used to refer to a photograph of an individual's chromosomes. [Talking Glossary]
Knockout ...
This technology can complement other techniques, such as mass spectrometry and yeast two-hybrid assays, to identify thousands of protein-protein interactions.
cDNA -- complementary DNA produced from a RNA template by the action of RNA- dependent DNA polymerase.
Annealing Formation of double-stranded molecules from two single strands of nucleic acid by base pairing of complementary sequence. Usually achieved incubation at a favourable temperature.
cDNA See complementary DNA.
Cell The basic structural unit of all living organisms. A human cell is made up a central nucleus (containing DNA) a cytoplasm and a outer cell membrane.
Experimental and simulation studies can complement each other nicely in the area of protein folding. Experiment reports on the average properties of a large ensemble (approx. 1017-1019 molecules), typically over time.
(In tables, codons are written as RNA codons, using the complementary sequence in RNA nucleotides.) If the code is read with 3 bases at a time, there are 4 X 4 X 4 = 64 combinations of three bases.
Late in telophase, new centrioles are formed adjacent to existing copies of the organelles so that each daughter cell contains a complementary centriole pair.
Okay, so an anticodon is a three-letter sequence that's complementary, or matches up, to the codon sequence found in the RNA. And the RNA, typically a messenger RNA, codes for proteins.
cDNA complementary DNA
CE capillary electrophoresis
CEPH Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain
CF Cystic Fibrosis
CFF Cystic Fibrosis Foundation
CHH cartilage-hair hypoplasia
CHI Cambridge Healthtech Inst.
The technology utilizes DNA fragments that are ligated to complementary adaptor oligonucleotide and subsequent rounds of PCR amplification using primers complementary to the adaptor sequences.
the triplet of tRNA nucleotides that is complementary to, and pairs with a codon in the mRNA
Source: Jenkins, John B. 1990. Human Genetics, 2nd Edition. New York: Harper & Row
...
Ballistic particle-mediated gene transfer. Complementary DNA molecules are adsorbed to gold particles and shot by a pressure gas jet into tissues or culture cells.
HIGH-PRESSURE FREEZING ...
labeling - pesticide information that complements the information on the label, but is not necessarily attached to or part of the container; may include advertising, brochures, newsletters, etc. and be provided by the pesticide producer or EPA ...
nucleic acid hybridization - coming together (annealling) of single-stranded nucleic acid sequences by hydrogen bonding of complementary bases to form double-stranded molecules; ...
DNA double helix - the structure of our genetic material; human DNA consists of two complementary strands which twist around each other like two spiral staircases.
felsic -- Term used to describe the amount of light-colored feldspar and silica minerals in an igneous rock. Complement of mafic.
female -- In organisms with separate sexes, the one which produces eggs.
[Gr. meiosis - reduction]. Two consecutive nuclear divisions whereby the resultant daughter nuclei contain half the chromosome complement of other somatic cells; occurs at time of gametogenesis. Synonym: reduction division.
Double helix: The twisted-ladder shape that two linear strands of DNA assume when complementary nucleotides on opposing strands bond together.
In closing, Charbonneau argues that GAs are a "strong and promising contender" (p.324) in this field, one that can be expected to complement rather than replace traditional optimization techniques, and concludes that "the bottom line, ...
 See also: DNA, Sequence, Trans, Protein, Molecule
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