DNA Repair
Importance
DNA in the living cell is subject to many chemical alterations (a fact often forgotten in the excitement of being able to do DNA sequencing on dried and/or frozen specimens [Link]).
DNA replication is the process of copying a double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule, a process essential in all known life forms. The general mechanisms of DNA replication are different in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.
DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid)
a helical, double stranded molecule composed of four different nucleotide subuints (A, T, G, and C) that carries the genetic instructions from one generation to the next ...
DNA methylation
A post-replication process. Cytosine residues in CpG sequences are methylated, forming gene-specific methylation patterns. Methylation of promoter regions correlates with gene expression patterns.
Related ...
DNA Sequencing and Sequence Variation
Subject Index
Send the url of this page to a friend ...
DNA Polymerase
DNA polymerase lengthens the strand that is being synthesized by adding nucleotides that are complimentary to those on the template strand (A paired with T and G paired with C).
DNA Profile of a "Missing Person"
In this activity you will assume the role of a forensic DNA analyst. Your task will be to determine the DNA profile for a "missing person" from the analysis of close family members.
DNA Extraction from Wheat
Materials:
200 ml beaker 100 ml tap water
1.5 g RAW wheat germ
thermometer balance
water bath at 50-60 degrees Celsius
plastic spoon
glass rod-bent or inoculating loop ...
DNA sequence
A DNA sequence (sometimes genetic sequence) is a succession of letters representing the primary structure of a real or hypothetical DNA molecule or strand, The possible letters are A, C, G, and T, ...
DNA is a very large molecule; the image here shows only a tiny fraction of the typical molecule. If an entire molecule of DNA from the virus "bacteriophage lambda" were shown at this scale, the image would be 970 meters high.
DNA is a double helix, with bases to the center (like rungs on a ladder) and sugar-phosphate units along the sides of the helix (like the sides of a twisted ladder).
Function: DNA is a long polymer of nucleotides to code for the sequence of amino acid during protein synthesis.
Any unique DNA sequence which can be used in DNA hybridization, PCR or restriction mapping experiments to identify that sequence. See expressed sequence tag and sequence tagged site.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ...
Search for DNA in these other databases too
Definition of DNA :
See deoxyribonucleic acid.
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid): the molecule that encodes genetic information. DNA is composed of two anti-parallel strands which wind about a common axis to form a double helix.
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
DNA is the chemical name for the molecule that carries genetic instructions in all living things. The DNA molecule consists of two strands that wind around one another to form a shape known as a double helix.
We have undertaken genomic transplantation studies involving the transfer of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from PD patients with a complex-I defect to a novel nuclear background.
DNA synthesis - DNA synthesis takes place during S phase of the cell cycle; the two strands of a DNA double helix separate and each serves as a template for synthesis of complementary daughter strand.
DNA makes RNA makes Protein
The relationship of DNA, RNA, and Proteins ...
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid): The genetic material of all cells and many viruses. The molecule that encodes genetic information. DNA is a double-stranded molecule held together by weak bonds between base pairs of nucleotides.
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid): The long, spiralling m olecule that rchestrates the cell's daily operations and provides the genetic blueprint for the physical characteristics of all living organisms.
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid). An organic acid and polymer composed of four nitrogenous bases--adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine linked via intervening units of phosphate and the pentose sugar deoxyribose.
DNA gyrase
A topoisomerase that removes supercoils from DNA by first producing double-strand breaks and then sealing them.
DNA hybridization The formation of hybrid DNA molecules that contain a strand of DNA from two different species. The number of complementary sequences in common in the two strands is an indication of the degree of relatedness of the species.
DNA ligase
(ly-gaze)
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A linking enzyme essential for DNA replication; catalyzes the covalent bonding of the 3' end of a new DNA fragment to the 5' end of a growing chain.
DNA fingerprinting A process by which an individual can be uniquely identified (well, narrowed down substantially!) by testing for multiple DNA polymorphisms.
DNA ligase - protein that joins (ligates) DNA strands; used by cells for DNA repair, by molecular biologists for gene cloning.
DNA sequenced from 17-20 MY old magnolia
In the paper I explain here, the authors (Golenberg et. al., 1990) sequenced an 820 bp region (the rbcL gene) from the chloroplast DNA of a compression fossil of a magnolia.
DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid. The primary genetic material of a cell that makes up genes and chromosomes. See also genes, chromosome.
E ...
DNA Polymerase: A group of enzymes mainly involved in copying a single-stranded DNA molecule to make its complementary strand. Eukaryotic DNA polymerases participate in chromosomal replication, repair, crossing-over and mitochondrial replication.
DNA polymerase
The enzyme in DNA replication that links the complementary nucleotide bases together to make the newly synthesized strand.
DNA replication ...
DNA ligase An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of a phosphodiester bond between the 3'-OH group at the end of one DNA chain and the 5'-phosphate group at the end of the other chain; it takes part in the synthesis, repair, and splicing of DNA.
T-DNA insertion A physical mutagen that causes mutations by insertion of transfer DNA (with or without additional DNA sequences) into the genome.
DNA fingerprinting
Method of isolating and visualizing of sequences of DNA developed in 1984 by Alec Jeffreys.
DNA Repair Genes
A third type of gene associated with cancer is the group involved in DNA repair and maintenance of chromosome structure. Environmental factors, such asionizing radiation, UV light, and chemicals, can damage DNA.
DNA sequences can provide evidence for evolutionary routes in several ways. Chromosomal DNA accumulates mutations at a predictable rate as a result of errors in replication and environmental mutagens, which are not corrected by DNA repair systems.
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
- The chemical molecule that is the basic genetic material found in all cells. DNA is inherited. Because DNA is a very long, thin molecule, it is packaged into units called chromosomes.
DNA elements carrying genes for transposition and other genetic functions. The former genes enable those elements to move from one site on a chromosome to another. In many cases the latter genes enable bacteria to live in extreme environments.
DNA in the bacterial cell is generally confined to this central region. Though it isn't bounded by a membrane, it is visibly distinct (by transmission microscopy) from the rest of the cell interior.
ribosomes ...
DNA transcription - process in which molecules of RNA are synthesized in which a strand of DNA acts as a template.
dolichol - special lipid molecule that holds precursor oligosaccharides, prior to addition to proteins in the ER membrane ...
DNA Transcription
Translation
Programmed Cell Death
Genetics
Genetics is the study of heredity or inheritance. Genetics helps to explain how traits are passed from parents to their young.
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid): The molecule that encodes genetic information. DNA is a double- base pairs of nucleotides. the four nucleotides in dna contain the bases" stranded molecule held together by weak bonds between base pairs of nucleotides.
DNA usually occurs as linear chromosomes in eukaryotes, and circular chromosomes in prokaryotes. A chromosome is an organized structure consisting of DNA and histones.
DNA POLYMERASE - A polymerase which synthesizes DNA (see POLYMERASE).
DNase - see DEOXYRIBONUCLEASE.
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid; the long, double-helix molecule in the nucleus of cells that contains the genetic code and directs the development and functioning of all cells.
A DNA open reading frame:
...ATG ACA TGT AAA GAT AGA CTA ACC TTT TGG... ...Met Thr Cys Lys Asp Arg Leu Thr Phe Trp...
Same bases, different 'frame': ...
Each DNA strand wraps around groups of small protein molecules called histones, forming a series of bead-like structures, called nucleosomes, connected by the DNA strand (as illustrated in Figure 1).
Recombinant DNA molecules A combination of DNA molecules of different origin that are joined using recombinant DNA technologies.
A matrix composed of a highly purified form of agar that is used to separate larger DNA and RNA molecules ranging 20,000 nucleotides. (See Electrophoresis.) Alleles.
Alu repetitive sequence -- the most common dispersed repeated DNA sequence in the human genome accounting for 5% of human DNA. The name is derived from the fact that these sequences are cleaved by the restriction endonuclease Alu.
Chromosome: rod-shaped bodies in the nuclei of cells that consist of a string of genes and maintain the structure or arrangement of the genetic code (DNA).
DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid is the double-helix molecule holding the genetic information of organisms that, along with protein, composes the chromatin ...
MEIOSIS II: In Prophase II the DNA that remains in the cell begins to condense and form short chromosomes. Each chromosome pair has a centromere. The centrioles also begin their journey to opposite sides of the cell.
RNA, ribonucleic acid (RYE-bo-new-CLAY-ick) A molecule very similar to DNA that plays a key role in making proteins.
A second meaning refers to cloning DNA, or the act of creating copies of an individual gene, for expression in a foreign host, which leads to generation of exact replica macromolecules (e.g. DNA, RNA, proteins).
4. How do Buffers Work?
Viruses are inert beings because they are simple particles of nucleic acids (RNA or DNA) wrapped by a capsule of protein that cannot experience life.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) the genetic code material‚ consisting of pairs of nitrogenous bases bonded to a "ladder" of phosphate and ribose molecules
(de = from‚ down‚ out; deoxy = without oxygen) ...
A virus is little more than a strand of genetic material (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein known as capsid. Viruses do not carry out any metabolic processes and need to invade a living host (animal, plant, bacterium or fungus).
Ballistic particle-mediated gene transfer. Complementary DNA molecules are adsorbed to gold particles and shot by a pressure gas jet into tissues or culture cells.
HIGH-PRESSURE FREEZING ...
double stranded
two adjacent strands. For example DNA has two adjacent polynucleotide strands wound into a spiral shape.
duodenum
Part of the small intestine connecting the stomach to the ileum.
Covered in: ...
 See also: Trans, Organ, Sequence, Human, Protein
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