homologous chromosomes
a pair of chromosomes, one from each parent, that have relatively similar structures and gene values
Source: Noland, George B. 1983. General Biology, 11th Edition. St. Louis, MO. C. V. Mosby ...
Homologous Chromosomes
Diploid organisms have two copies of each chromosome (except the sex chromosomes). Each pair of chromosomes is homologous. For example, the two #7 chromosomes are homologous.
homologous chromosomes
(home-ol-uh-gus) [Gk. homologia, agreement]
Chromosome pairs of the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern that possess genes for the same characters at corresponding loci.
Homologous chromosomes A pair of chromosomes containing essentially the same genetic information which have been inherited one from each parent.
Homozygote (adj. homozygous) An individual having two identical alleles at a locus.
Homologous chromosomes. Chromosomes that have the same linear arrangement of genes--a pair of matching chromosomes in a diploid organism. See Chromosomes.
homologous chromosomes
chromosome pairs of the same length centromere position, and staining pattern that possess genes for the same traits at corresponding loci.
Homologous Chromosomes the two matching chromosomes of a pair (one from the father and one from the mother)
(homo = same‚ like‚ alike; logos = a word) ...
Homologous chromosomes are all different where as sister chromatids are identical.
Homologous chromosomes: A pair of chromosomes containing the same linear gene sequences, each derived from one parent.
Human gene therapy: Insertion of normal DNA directly into cells to correct a genetic defect.
homologous chromosomes Chromosomes that exist in pairs; each homologue possesses the same genes or loci, but the homologues may have different alleles at the same locus; one member of each pair comes from each parent.
The homologous chromosomes must pair up gene for gene. Each homolog has already duplicated and is composed of two chromatids. The chromatids crossover, break and rejoin.
A pair of homologous chromosomes closely adjacent to each other formed during the first meiotic division within a primary spermatocyte or oocyte.
Prophase - Homologous chromosomes in the nucleus begin to pair up with one another and then split into chromatids (one half of a chromosome) where crossing over can occur. Crossing offer can increase genetic variation.
Any pair of homologous chromosomes may be expected to cross over three or four times during meiosis. This aids evolution by increasing independent assortment, and reducing the genetic linkage between genes on the same chromosome.
In meiosis, homologous chromosomes line up. The DNA of the chromosome is broken on both chromosomes in several places and rejoined with the other strand.
A process in which homologous chromosomes exchange parts normally reciprocally but sometimes unequally.
During Metaphase I, homologous chromosomes will line up. A karyotype can be made by cutting and arranging photomicrographs of the homologous chromosomes thus revealed at Metaphase I. Two types of chromosome pairs occur.
Alternate forms of a gene or DNA sequence, which occur on either of two homologous chromosomes in a diploid organism. (See DNA polymorphism.) Alternative mRNA splicing. The inclusion or exclusion of different exons to form different mRNA transcripts.
Synapses[in nervous system] [immunological] SynapsisUnion, side-by-side, of homologous chromosomes early in meiosis I. Synaptonemal complex (SC) SyncytiumMass of cytoplasm containing many nuclei. It is formed by the fusion of cells.
Homologous chromosomes -- chromosomes that pair during meiosis; each homologue is a duplicate of one chromosome from each parent. Homozygote -- having identical alleles at one or more loci in homologous chromosome segments.
homologous chromosomes The pair of chromosomes in a diploid individual that have the same overall genetic content. One member of each homologous pair of chromosomes in inherited from each parent.
Heterozygosity The presence of different alleles at one or more loci on homologous chromosomes.
Homeobox A short stretch of nucleotides whose base sequence is virtually identical in all the genes that contain it.
Two categories of recent duplicated segments can be distinguished: segmental duplications between non-homologous chromosomes (transchromosomal duplications) and duplications largely restricted to a particular chromosome (chromosome-specific ...
During the prophase of meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair and form synapses. The paired chromosomes are called bivalents. The bivalent has two chromosomes and four chromatids, with one chromosome coming from each parent.
Related Terms:
Prophase ...
The term proposed by Muller (1916) for the interaction between cross-overs such that the occurrence of one exchange between homologous chromosomes reduces the likelihood of another in its vicinity.
Chromosomes that carry the same genes are termed homologous chromosomes. The alleles on homologous chromosomes may differ, as in the case of heterozygous individuals. Organisms (normally) receive one set of homologous chromosomes from each parent.
And it turns out that there are these things called chiasmata, which are actually where strands of the duplicated homologous chromosomes break and recombine with the same strand of the other homolog.
Crossing-over (recombination): The exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes (i.e., between maternal and paternal chromosomes) during meiosis.
Synapsis
The pairing of homologous chromosomes or of homologous chromosomal regions.
Synteny
Genes which occur in the same order on the chromosome of different species.
Label two chromatids with each letter. This way they can line up the pairs of homologous chromosomes during metaphase I and demonstrate all of the phases of meiosis. This leads right into a lesson on dihybrid crosses and probability.
The presence of different alleles at one or more loci on homologous chromosomes.
Heterozygote
See: heterozygosity ...
and fungi) having one-half of the genetic material of the original cell. The nuclear and cell division process in diploid eukaryotes that results in four haploid gametes or spores having one member of each original pair of homologous chromosomes only ...
 See also: Chromosomes, Chromosome, Homologous chromosome, DNA, Organ
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