Hydrolytic enzyme

Hydrolytic enzymes break down protein, carbohydrate, and fat molecules into their simplest units. The hydrolysis of polymers by hydrolytic enzymes results in free monomers.

(Redirected from Hydrolytic enzyme) Jump to: navigation, search In biochemistry, a hydrolase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a chemical bond. For example, an enzyme that catalyzed the following reaction is a hydrolase: ...

Those enzymes are called hydrolytic enzymes, and they break down large molecules into small molecules. For example, large proteins into amino acids, or large carbohydrates into simple sugars, or large lipids into single fatty acids.

A membrane- enclosed bag of hydrolytic enzymes found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ...

lysosome a membrane-enclosed bag of hydrolytic enzymes found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. M macromere A large cell from the vegetative pole of a developing egg. Such a cell contains yolk and gives rise to the endoderm of the embryo.

(ly-so-some) [Gk. lysis, loosening + soma, body] A membrane-enclosed bag of hydrolytic enzymes found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. lysozyme (ly-so-zime) An enzyme in perspiration, tears, and saliva that attacks bacterial cell walls.

However, one lysosomal storage disease, I-cell disease ("inclusion-cell disease"), is caused by a failure to "tag" (by phosphorylation) all the hydrolytic enzymes that are supposed to be transported from the Golgi apparatus to the lysosomes.

Lysosomes, shown in Figure 17, are relatively large vesicles formed by the Golgi. They contain hydrolytic enzymes that could destroy the cell. Lysosome contents function in the extracellular breakdown of materials.

lysosome Cytoplasmic, membrane-bounded organelle that contains digestive and hydrolytic enzymes, which are typically most active at the acid pH found in the lumen of lysosomes.

See also: Enzyme, Enzymes, Cells, Protein, Organ