Phosphodiester bond
The covalent bond joining the 3' hydroxyl of the sugar moiety of one (deoxy)ribonucleotide to the 5' hydroxyl of the adjacent sugar.
Phosphodiester bond. A bond in which a phosphate group joins adjacent carbons through ester linkages. A condensation reaction between adjacent nucleotides results in a phosphodiester bond between 3' and 5' carbons in DNA and RNA.
A deoxynucleotide that lacks a 3' hydroxyl group, and is thus unable to form a 3'-5' phosphodiester bond necessary for chain elongation. Dideoxynucleotides are used in DNA sequencing and the treatment of viral diseases. (See Nucleotide.) didN.
Endonuclease -- an enzyme that breaks the internal phosphodiester bonds in a DNA molecule. Ethics -- the study of fundamental principles which defines values and determines moral duty and obligation.
"The mechanism of the metal ion promoted cleavage of RNA phosphodiester bonds involves a general acid catalysis by the metal aquo ion on the departure of the leaving group". Perkin transactions 2: 1619-1626.
An enzyme which cleaves phosphodiester bonds that link adjacent nucleotides in DNA and/or RNA. An exonuclease progressively cleaves from the end of the substrate molecule; an endonuclease cleaves at internal sites within the substrate molecule.
- An enzyme that hydrolyzes internal phosphodiester bonds in a polynucleotide
Enhancer
- A sequence that enhances trasncription from the promoter of a eukaryotic gene. May be several thousand base-pairs away from the promoter.
in molecular biology, a hydrolytic cleavage of two opposing phosphodiester bonds in a double-stranded nucleic acid.
Compare: nick.
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enzyme that cleaves a phosphodiester bond, for example, that which cleaves cAMP into AMP.
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endonucleases - enzymes that hydrolyze internal phosphodiester bonds in a polynucleotide chain or nucleic acid molecule
glycogen - polysaccharide composed exclusively of glucose units used to store energy in animal cells ...
"p" indicates that "C" and "G" are connected by a phosphodiester bond.
CpG islands are often located around the promoters of housekeeping genes (which are essential for general cell functions) or other genes frequently expressed in a cell.
An enzyme that can rejoin a broken phosphodiester bond in a nucleic acid.
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phosphodiesterase - enzyme that cleaves a phosphodiester bond, for example, that which cleaves cAMP into AMP.
phosphorylate - to add phosphate; e.g., to a protein to alter its function.
DNA ligase An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of a phosphodiester bond between the 3'-OH group at the end of one DNA chain and the 5'-phosphate group at the end of the other chain; it takes part in the synthesis, repair, and splicing of DNA.
Endonuclease: A nuclease which cuts a nucleic acid molecule by cleaving the phosphodiester bonds between two internal residues. Best known examples are restriction endonucleases.
They showed that DNA is made up of two complementary, antiparallel strands of the bases Guanine, Adenine, Thymine, and Cytosine, covalently linked through phosphodiester bonds.
Reconstituted transcription in vitro demonstrates an increase in the rate of formation of the first phosphodiester bond by RNA polymerase II in presence of U1 snRNA. Reconstituted re-initiation is also stimulated by U1 snRNA.
Nucleic acid A polymeric molecule composed of nucleotide monomers joined by phosphodiester bonds.
 See also: DNA, Nucleotide, Trans, Protein, Strand
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