Polyp

polyploidy the condition in which the number of chromosome sets in an individual or cell is three or more times the haploid set; 3n, 4n, etc. Source: Jenkins, John B. 1990. Human Genetics, 2nd Edition. New York: Harper & Row ...

Polyploidy in plants Polyploidy is very common in plants, especially in angiosperms. From 30% to 70% of today's angiosperms are thought to be polyploid. Species of coffee plant with 22, 44, 66, and 88 chromosomes are known.

Polyploidy is the condition of some biological cells and organisms manifested by the presence of more than two homologous sets of chromosomes.

polypeptide Definition of polypeptide A peptide formed by a number of animo acids linked together by peptide bonds.

a polypoid outgrowth of both epidermis and dermal fibrovascular tissue, common terminology for any small benign cutaneous lesion. Synonym: acrochordon, fibroepithelial polyp, fibroma molle, senile fibroma, soft wart.

Inositol polyphosphate kinases: regulators of nuclear function Andrew M. Seeds * and John D. York1*† ...

Polyploidy is the state where all cells have multiple pairs of chromosomes beyond the basic set. Polyploidy is common in plants, and rare in animals. Categories: Classical genetics Top Encyclopedia Articles ...

Polyploidy is a major evolutionary mechanism in plants. Approximately 47% of all flowering plants are polyploid. Some examples of polyploid plant species are corn, wheat, cotton, sugarcane, apples, bananas, watermelons, and many flowers.

Polypeptide A long chain of amino acids joined by peptide bonds. Cf. peptide. Related Terms: Amino acid Any of a class of 20 molecules that are combined to form proteins in living things.

Polypeptides are chains of amino acids. Proteins are made up of one or more polypeptide molecules. The amino acids are linked covalently by peptide bonds. The image shows how three amino acids linked by peptide bonds into a tripeptide. Full article ...

Polyphyletic taxa are considered "unnatural", and usually are reclassified once they are discovered to be polyphyletic. Examples : marine mammals, bipedal mammals, flying vertebrates, trees, algae, etc.

polyploid produced by the hybridization of two species. See amphidiploid. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ...

Polyploid Having three or more (Gk. polys, many) sets of homologous chromosomes. The term was introduced by Strasburger (1910) by analogy with his earlier terms haploid and diploid. -fold Greek prefix 1 ...

Polyp. An individual of a solitary coelenterate or one member of a coelenterate colony Polyphyletic. Refers to a group of species that do not have one common ancestor species Population density. Number of individuals per unit area or volume ...

Polyprotein: A giant polypeptide that contains multiple individual protein sequences embedded within it and which must be proteolytically cleaved to yield the individual proteins. Polyadenylation: ...

Polypeptide: A molecule made up of a stri ng of amino acids. A protein is an example of a polypeptide. Proteins: The active molecules in all cells. Proteins control biochemical reactions and determine the physical structure of organisms.

polypeptide chain - a chain of peptides or amino acids. A polypeptide chain usually consists of 100 or fewer amino acids. A protein is made up of one or several polypeptide chains. [Source: BioTech's Life Science Dictionary] ...

Polypeptide is the name given to a chain of amino acids synthesized from one mRNA. The term polypeptide refers to the fact that amino acids are linked by what is called a peptide bond and, of course, poly means many.

polyp (pol-ip) [Gk. polus, many + pous, foot] The sessile variant of the cniderian body plan. The alternate form is the medusa. polypeptide ...

Polyploidy and hybridization are important speciation mechanisms in plants. Whereas animals tend to be unisexual, plants often have both sexes functional in the same individual.

Polyploidy: Refers to the number of chromosomes in a cell. Most cells are normally diploid, i.e. have two sets of chromosomes. When the number is increased the cell shows polyploidy.

polyploid (Gr. polys, many + ploid, fold) Tissue or cells with more than two complete sets of chromosomes, that results from chromosome replication without nuclear division or from union of gametes with different number of chromosome sets, ...

Polypeptide chain The chain of aminoacids joined by peptide bonds which is the primary product of the translation of the mRNA of a gene. Polyploid Having more than the normal two haploid sets of chromosomes.

POLYPEPTIDE - See PEPTIDE. pre-mRNA - An RNA molecule which is transcribed from chromosomal DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, ...

Polypeptide (protein). A polymer composed of multiple amino acid units linked by peptide bonds. Polyploid. A multiple of the haploid chromosome number that results from chromosome replication without nuclear division.

Polypeptide A protein or part of a protein made of a chain of amino acids joined by a peptide bond. Population genetics ...

polyp Individual of the phylum Cnidaria, generally adapted for attachment to the substratum at the aboral end, often form colonies. polypeptide A molecule consisting of many joined amino acids, not as complex as a protein.

Polypeptide - see peptide. Post-transcriptional regulation- Any process occurring after transcription which affects the amount of protein a gene produces. Includes RNA processing efficiency, RNA stability, translation efficiency, protein stability.

polyp The asexual reproducing, normally sedentary form of coelenterates such as the sea anemone.

A polypeptide secreted by bacteria which inhibit or prevent the growth of related bacteria which lack the corresponding colicin immunity proteins. Colicins are encoded by a group of naturally occurring plasmids first found in E. coli (e.g.

A DNA sequence that codes for a specific polypeptide; a gene. See DNA, Gene. Clone. An exact genetic replica of a specific gene or an entire organism. See Cloning. Cloning.

pleated sheet The side-by-side, hydrogen-bonded arrangement of polypeptide chains in the extended ß conformation. pleo- more than usual polar Molecules which contain elements differing in electronegativity, making them soluble in water.

N- or C-terminal The amino acids which form polypeptides are joined by peptide bonds between the amino group of one amino acid and the carboxy group of the next.

While determining the polypeptide sequence resulting from gene translation is straightforward, determining the actual three-dimensional (3D) structure requires some sophisticated experimental techniques.

Speciation through hybridization and/or polyploidy has long been considered much less important in animals than in plants [[[refs.]]]. A number of reviews suggest that this view may be mistaken.

Polypeptide a chain of amino acids bonded together (poly = many; pepti = digested‚ cooked)    Polypetalous term used to refer to a plant with un-united flower parts attached to the receptacle (poly = many; petal = a leaf‚ spread out‚ flat)    ...

Proteins consist of one or more chains of amino acids called polypeptides. The sequence of the amino acid chain causes the polypeptide to fold into a shape that is biologically active. The amino acid sequences of proteins are encoded in the genes.

- The process of biosynthesis of a polypeptide chain using genetic instructions from the mRNA Transposon - A mobile genetic element that can move from one location in the gene and reinsert at another site.

"Blueprint" for protein synthesis that is transcribed from one strand of the DNA (gene) and which is translated at the ribosome into a polypeptide sequence.

Insulin (a small protein having two polypeptide chains) and immunoglobulin molecules, for example, have interchain and intrachain disulfide bonds. Endothelin and HLA molecules also have disulfide bonds.

translation - process whereby mRNA code is used by the ribosome to synthesize a polypeptide chain (protein) from amino acid precursors. transposable element - see transposon ...

disulfide bond - covalent intrachain bonds found in protein molecules; covalent linking of two -SH groups of neighboring cysteine residues in a folded polypeptide chain. These bonds are rarely, if ever found in the cytosol.

See also: Protein, Trans, Organ, Cells, Proteins