Reverse transcription (RT)
Copying of RNA to DNA using reverse transcriptase.
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Reverse Transcription: Converting viral RNA into DNA
Viral RNA (yellow)
DNA (blue) ...
reverse transcription Process of transcribing a single-stranded DNA from a single-stranded RNA (the reverse of transcription); used by retroviruses as well as in biotechnology.
[edit] Reverse transcription
Scheme of reverse transcription
Some viruses (such as HIV, the cause of AIDS), have the ability to transcribe RNA into DNA. HIV has an RNA genome that is duplicated into DNA.
Reverse transcription
The process of copying information found in RNA into DNA catalysed by a RNA dependant DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase). Reversal of transcription.
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Ribonucleic acid (RNA) ...
REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION - Copying of an RNA molecule into a DNA molecule.
RIBONUCLEASE (RNase) - An enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis of RNA. There are many different RNases, some of the more important include: ...
Because reverse transcription is missing the usual "proofreading" of DNA transcription, this kind of virus mutates very often.
Processed pseudogenes are DNA copies of mRNAs produced by reverse transcription. They lack introns and often contain a remnant of the poly(A) tail.
The replication process of HIV is associated with a very high mutation rate because reverse transcription does not allow for correction of errors in nucleotide incorporation.
Which of the following would be the best definition of reverse transcription? a) making a protein off of a DNA template; b) making a DNA using an RNA molecule as a template; c) making polysaccharides out of monosaccharides; d) none of these.
May be combined with reverse transcription of mRNA to cDNA to amplify an mRNA so called RT-PCR.
Related Terms:
Base sequence
The order of nucleotide bases in a DNA molecule. Length is usually defined as the number of base pairs. Cf.
Reverse transcription now appears also to be involved in movement of certain mobile genetic elements, such as the Ty plasmid in yeast, in the replication of other viruses such as hepatitis B and possibly in the generation of mammalian pseudogenes.
cDNA Cloning
A technique involving reverse transcription of purified mRNA into the corresponding complementary DNA prior to insertion into a vector.
A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.
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The obsticles are formidable. HIV replicates very rapidly, and errors in reverse transcription rapidly change the virus.
However, because the initial reverse transcription is often shortened, cDNA libraries with abundant truncated products are the common result, particularly for the longer source mRNAs.
 See also: Transcription, Transcript, Trans, DNA, Sequence
  
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