The video "Roots of Discovery", primarily underwritten by National Science Foundation and NASA, and the National Space Development Agency of Japan explores plant sensory responses to various environmental signals, particularly gravity.
The older parts of roots are sheathed in layers of dead cork cells impregnated with a waxy, waterproof (and airproof) substance called suberin. This sheath reduces water loss but is as impervious to oxygen and carbon dioxide as it is to water.
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Roots
root sheath
One of the epidermic layers of the hair follicle: external root sheath is continuous with the stratum basale and stratum spinosum of the epidermis; ...
Adventitious roots
In vascular plants, the root is the organ of a plant that typically lies below the surface of the soil. This is not always the case, however, since a root can also be aerial or aerating . Furthermore, a stem normally...
roots Organs, usually occurring underground, that absorb nutrients and water and anchor the plant; one of the three major plant organ systems. PICTURE ...
rootstock. An underground stem or rhizome; lower portion of a graft which develops into the root system.
rosette. A cluster of leaves arranged in a compact circular pattern, often at a shoot tip or on a shortened stem.
Roots of the Spinal Nerves."As already stated, each spinal nerve possesses two roots, an anterior and a posterior, which are attached to the surface of the medulla spinalis opposite the corresponding column of gray substance (Fig. 675); ...
THE ROOTS BELOW GROUND
We'll start at the bottom with the roots. These structures are designed to pull water and minerals from whatever material the plant sits on. For water plants, the roots may be in the water.
lateral roots Roots extending away from the main (or taproot) root.
latitudinal diversity gradient The decrease in species richness that occurs as one moves away from the equator.
Roots of a hydroponically grown plant
At the tip of every growing root is a conical covering of tissue called the root cap. It usually is not visible to the naked eye.
prop roots Adventitious roots arising on a stem above the ground and imparting some mechanical support to plants. The angled roots may provide for absorption of water and nutrients.
propagation The process of increasing in number.
Microbes are roots of life's family tree. They will help us understand how more complex genomes developed.
Microbes generate at least half the oxygen we breathe.
adventitious roots -- A root that grows from somewhere other than the primary root, for example, roots that arise from stems or leaves.
adventitious roots
Roots that have differentiated from the kinds of tissue other than root tissue.
Fungi that form symbiotic relationships with roots of more developed plants. N National Institutions of Health (NIH). A nonregulatory agency which has oversight of research activities that the agency funds. National Science Foundation (NSF).
Parasite: A plant without chlorophyll that obtains its nutrients by tapping into the branches, stems or roots of living green plants Perennial: a plant that lives more than two years Phreatophyte: A desert shrub with a long trap root ...
In order for leaves to obtain water and minerals from the roots and for food manufactured in mature leaves to be transported to the roots and other nonphotosynthetic regions, each leaf must be connected to the overall vascular structure of the plant.
They trace their roots back to 1986 when we accepted a contract with the National Cancer Institute to collect and survey African plant species in an attempt to develop new anti-cancer drugs or new AIDS medicines. We have continued that relationship.
That the teeth might have been misplaced after the death of Piltdown man was considered but an X-ray showed the lower contact surfaces of the roots were correctly positioned.
The gymnosperms and angiosperms have stems above ground and roots below. The stems can grow thicker and taller each year and therefore they can reach great heights. Both groups have seeds which are dormant embryos released by the parent plant.
[Gk. rhizoma, mass of roots]
A visual pigment consisting of retinal and opsin. When rhodopsin absorbs light, the retinal changes shape and dissociates from the opsin, after which it is converted back to its original form.
ribonucleic acid (RNA) ...
Nutrient uptake is maximized in young roots by root hairs. These projections of single root cells extend into the surrounding soil and provide a much higher surface area/volume ratio in contact with the nutrient source.
The enlargement or swelling on roots of nitrogen-fixing plants. The nodules contain symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ...
In plants, the roots continue to grow as they search for water and nutrients. These regions of growth are good for studying the cell cycle because at any given time, you can find cells that are undergoing mitosis.
circle of plant tissue of stems and roots between the cortex and stele
Source: Noland, George B. 1983. General Biology, 11th Edition. St. Louis, MO. C. V. Mosby
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Unicellular or multicellular photosynthetic eukaryotes that generally lack roots, stems, leaves, conducting vessels, and complex sex organs. Formerly, photosynthetic bacteria were also called algae, but this usage is now obsolete.
Plants move minerals (inorganic ions) into their roots by active transport.
The gills of marine fish have cells that can remove salt from the body by pumping it into the salt water.
- A plant hormone that promotes cell division. It is usually found in the roots, young fruits and in seeds.
Cytosine (C)
- Nitrogenous base found in DNA and RNA ...
wireworm - a slender, hard-bodied larva of any of the click beetles, which often attacks the roots of crops (Webster)
wood - the hard fibrous substance beneath the bark in the stems and branches of trees and shrubs; xylem (Webster) ...
 See also: Cells, Plant, Trans, Organ, Human
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