segment
(Science: biology) A portion of a larger body or structure, set off by natural or arbitrarily established boundaries.
Origin: L. Segmentum = a piece cut off ...
Segmentation of the Fertilized Ovum
The early segmentation of the human ovum has not yet been observed, ...
3 segments make up the head with its antennae and mouth parts.
3 segments make up the thorax. Each thoracic segment has a pair of legs (insects are the six-legged creatures).
A small DNA segment that links genes to yield a functional gene encoding an immunogobulin.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ...
Annelids are able to move around by contracting their little segments. They have parts called setae. Setae are two pairs of hairs on each segment. Those hairs help some annelids (earthworms) get a grip on the soil.
segmentation -- In many animals, the body is divided into repeated subunits called segments, such as those in centipedes, insects, and annelids. Segmentation is the state of having or developing a body plan in this way.
Segmentation Based Analysis of Genomic Sequence
Eric C. Rouchka and David J. States
Washington University ...
segments Repeating units in the body parts of some animals.
segregation Separation of replicated chromosomes to opposite sides of the cell. Distribution of alleles on chromosomes into gametes during meiosis.
segmented - divided into distinct parts that may be similar as in earthworms and millipede or dissimilar as in adult insects ...
segment
a division; a section.
segregation
the separation of homologous chromosomes during anaphase 1 of meiosis, producing gametes containing only one allele of each gene.
Segmental flexibility Mobility imparted to igg antibodies by a flexible polypeptide that joins the Fc and the two Fab units. Such mobility enhances the formation of antibody-antigen complexes.
match segment Regions of the genome upon which a segment of similar sequence is mapped.
Segmentation Â- Modularity
Evolution of genetic systems
Evolvability Â- Mutational robustness Â- Evolution of sex ...
SEGMENTATION
The identification of objects above background noise using image-processing methods. Can be achieved by detecting either object boundaries (contour-orientated segmentation) or whole objects (region-based segmentation).
segmented worms Invertebrates that display an elongate body with distinct segmentation and a digestive tract that lies in a coelom.
seismic sea waves See tsunami.
A segment of the DNA that codes for a specific polypeptide is known as a structural gene. These often occur together on a bacterial chromosome.
A segment of a DNA molecule necessary for the initiation of its replication; generally a site recognized and bound by the proteins of the replication system.
Related Terms:
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) ...
A segment of DNA that interacts with a repressor protein to regulate the transcription of the structural genes of an operon.
operon ...
A segment of a chromosome may become turned around forming an inversion.
This can cause altered gene activity, a loss of crossing-over, or a duplication/deletion if crossing-over does occur.
Pedigrees ...
hollow segmentation cavity of an embryo
Source: Noland, George B. 1983. General Biology, 11th Edition. St. Louis, MO. C. V. Mosby
...
Chromosome segments that have been turned 180 degrees. The gene sequence for the segment is reversed with respect to the rest of the chromosome.
Chromosome ...
exon - segment of DNA sequence in a gene that will be transcribed in the nucleus, spliced to other exons, and transported to the cytoplasm as a part of the mature mRNA; see also intron.
Additional segmentation genes
Pair rule
Two additional classes of segmentation genes are expressed after the gap gene products.
In this final segment I'd like to address some of the probable steps required in the formation of a color vision system.
Joining (J) segment. A small DNA segment that links genes to yield a functional gene encoding an immunogobulin.
K
Kanamycin. An antibiotic of the aminoglycoside family that poisons translation by binding to the ribosomes.
Cistron: A DNA segment coding for a specific polypeptide, and includes its own start and stop codons. When an mRNA encodes two or more proteins, it is called polycistronic.
Loss of a segment of a chromosome as the genetical consequence of a transposition.
Related Terms:
Chromosome
The term was proposed by Waldeyer (1888) for the individual threads within a cell nucleus (gk. chroma, colour; soma, body).
A DNA segment composed of repeated sequences linked end to end. Conjugation. The joining of two bacteria cells when genetic material is transferred from one bacterium to another. Constitutive promoter.
Deletion -- the loss of a segment of the genetic material from a chromosome. Deletion mapping -- the use of overlapping deletions to localize the position of an unknown gene on a chromosome or linkage map.
> One really interesting segment in the online text dealt with why
>men's life spans are so much shorter on average than female life spans.
>The text discussed some protective effects of estrogen, but now in 2007 ...
Recombinant DNA technologies Procedures used to join together DNA segments in a cell-free system (an environment outside a cell or organism).
They are all bilaterally symmetrical with some degree of segmentation and they have an internal skeleton. Their unique characteristics include (1) a dorsal hollow nerve cord (most other animals have a ventral nerve cord) above the notochord.
Cloning Using specialized DNA technology to produce multiple, exact copies of a single gene or other segment of DNA to obtain enough material for further study.
Using specialized DNA technology to produce multiple, exact copies of a single gene or other segment of DNA to obtain enough material for further study. This process, used by researchers in the Human Genome Project, is referred to as cloning DNA.
This word can also refer to multiple genes or segments, or even an entire chromosome, where an individual is supposed to have two copies of this gene or chromosome, and they only have a single copy.
Segmented mesodermal blocks located on either side of the developing spinal cord which arise from the dorsal mesoderm.
Problem 8: Embryonic origin of the segments of the adult fruit fly ...
Within the envelope is the influenza genome, which is organized into eight pieces of single-stranded RNA (A and B forms only; influenza C has 7 RNA segments).
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
The transcript of a segment of chromosomal DNA which is a template for protein synthesis.
Methyl transferase
Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of methyl groups from one molecule to another.
A ‘contig' may refer to a map showing placement of a set of clones that completely, contiguously cover some segment of DNA in which you are interested. Also called the ‘minimal tiling path'.
antenna (plural: antennae). The paired segmented sensory organs, borne one on each side of the head, commonly termed horns or feelers.
anthers. The pollen-producing organs of flowers.
Gene A unit of heredity; a segment of DNA that contains the code for making a specific protein or RNA molecule.
Genome (JEE-nome) All of an organism's genetic material.
CISTRON - A nucleic acid segment corresponding to a polypeptide chain, including the relevant translational start (initiation) and stop (termination) codons.
An exact copy of biological material such as a DNA segment (e.g., a gene or other region), a whole cell, or a complete organism.
Source : Human Genome Project Information
Cloning ...
- A technique for quickly making many copies of a specific segment of DNA.
Polymorphism
- The presence of several forms of a trait or a gene in a population ...
Inversion A chromosomal rearrangement in which a segment of chromosome is turned end for end. A pericentric inversion includes the centromere, a paracentric inversion does not.
Recombinant DNA: A form of DNA produced by splicing together segments of DNA from two or more organisms.
Annulated: Where the external surface is divided into a chain of rings or 'annuli' by furrows giving the appearance of segments (Barnes et al., 1993).
Anoxic: Lacking oxygen.
Arthropod: Any of the invertebrate animals (such as insects, spiders, or crustaceans) having an exoskeleton, a segmented body and jointed limbs.
beta- pleated sheet-A planar secondary structure element of proteins that is created by hydrogen bonding between the backbone atoms in two different polypeptide chains or segment of a single folded chain.
Hsp70 chaperones recognize and shield short, hydrophobic peptide segments in the context of non-native polypeptides and probably promote folding by decreasing the concentration of aggregationprone intermediates.
Gene: the segment of DNA at a particular locus on a particular chromosome that controls production of proteins and enzymes and influences the development of a specific trait.
 See also: Trans, Organ, Human, DNA, Cells
|
