Similarity
Sequence identity between two nucleotide sequences. For example, 85% similarity means that 85 nucleotide positions out of 100 are identical in the two nucleotide sequences.
similarity - how related one nucleotide or protein sequence is to another. The extent of similarity between two sequences is based on the percent of sequence identity and/or conservation.
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[edit] Similarity to vertebrate genes
Early support for the role of emc came from the mouse Inhibitor of differentiation (Id) gene, ...
Similarity
1. In comparison of nucleic acid sequences, the extent to which two nucleic acid sequences have identical bases at equivalent positions, usually expressed as a percentage.
2.
similarity in a twin pair, with both members of the pair expressing a specific trait
Source: Jenkins, John B. 1990. Human Genetics, 2nd Edition. New York: Harper & Row
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Similarity in DNA or protein sequences between individuals of the same species or among different species.
Homozygote
An organism that has two identical alleles of a gene.
See also: heterozygote ...
The similarity of the action spectrum of photosynthesis and the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll tells us that chlorophylls are the most important pigments in the process.
The similarity of tested chromosomal sequence between Y. pst and Y. ptb makes accurate dating uncertain, however the authors conclude that divergence occurred recently (1500 - 20 000 years ago).
The similarity of structure between two species that are not closely related; attributable to convergent evolution.
analogous ...
analogy Similarity of function but not of origin.
anamnestic response Immune response to a challenge or secondary antigen inoculation, ...
Note the similarity of the above formula to the ideal gas law.
See also
Pfeffer cell
cell wall ...
This level of similarity is something that we use to infer that the genes are homologous, that is they have a common ancestry. Those genes came from the same original gene some time over evolutionary time.
homology
similarity in characteristics resulting from a shared ancestry.
homospory
The possession of only one form of spore. This gives rise to a single gametophyte generation carrying both male and female reproductive organs.
The degree of similarity in nucleotide sequence is a function of divergence time. If two populations had recently separated, few differences would have built up between them.
Analogy: A similarity due to convergent evolution (common function) but not due to having a common ancestor (bat's wings and bird's wings). See also homology.
symmetric - similarity of form or arrangement on either side of a dividing line or plane; correspondence of opposite parts in size, shape, and position (Webster) ...
The function of the hand and foot are, however, very different, and the general similarity between them is greatly modified to meet these requirements.
Indeed, it is one of the reasons that biological organism exhibit the striking similarity of units and processes discussed in the previous section.
The shared derived characteristics of birds and dinosaurs include the structure of the hip, egg-laying, as well as a great deal of anatomical similarity. The 1861 discovery of Archaeopteryx, the "first bird" added fuel to this discussion.
Tertiary structure of an HIV protein and its similarity to gamma interferon are shown in Figure 22. Many proteins, such as hemoglobin, are formed from one or more polypeptides. Such structure is termed quaternary structure.
An easy similarity is on a cellular level. Plants conduct photosynthesis. This process of converting the Sun's energy into molecular energy happens in chloroplasts with the help of chlorophyll molecules and a variety of enzymes.
HOMOLOGY - Indicates similarity between two different nucleotide or amino acid sequences, often with potential evolutionary significance.
The genetic similarity between chromatids is _>__ the genetic similarity between homologs.
31. The amount of DNA synthesis that occurs in mitosis is _<_ the amount of DNA synthesis that occurs in the S phase of interphase.
32.
protein domain Protein domains are conserved regions of amino acid /structural similarity in protein sequences. Domains generally represent functional units having some form of biological activity.
Synonym: distinction, dissimilarity, dissimilitude, variation, diversity, variety, contrariety, disagreement, variance, contest, contention, dispute, controversy, debate, quarrel, wrangle, strife.
Origin: f. Difference, L. Differentia.
Heredity
The organic relation between successive generations; germinal constitution. The biological similarity of progeny and parents.
Related Terms:
Progeny
The subsequent generation following a mating or crossing of parents; offspring.
The similarity of mitochondrial and chloroplast ribosomes to prokaryotic ribosomes is generally considered strong supportive evidence that mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from ancestral prokaryotes.
Cysteine differs from serine in a single atom-- the sulfur of the thiol replaces the oxygen of the alcohol. The amino acids are, however, much more different in their physical and chemical properties than their similarity might suggest.
Structural comparison of pro GO with mature GO reveals overall structural similarity, but with some regions showing significant local differences in main-chain position.
Convergence: phenotypic similarity in distantly related (or unrelated) forms, presumably in response to similar selective pressures.
 See also: Organ, Trans, Sequence, Human, DNA
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