In leaves, the vascular bundles are located among the spongy mesophyll. The xylem is oriented toward the adaxial surface of the leaf (usually the upper side), and phloem is oriented toward the abaxial surface of the leaf.
Spongy mesophyll cells occur below the one or two layers of palisade cells. Ray parenchyma cells occur in wood rays, the structures that transport materials laterally within a woody stem.
Main gas exchange surfaces in plants are spongy mesophyll cells in leaves
Leaves have large surface area / loosely-packed spongy cells further increase area
Structure of the lungs
Air is ...
 See also: Vascular bundle, Xylem, Cells, Roots, Meristem
  
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