Stomata reveal past carbon dioxide levels
Because CO2 levels and stomatal index are inversely related, could fossil leaves tell us about past levels of CO2 in the atmosphere? Yes.
stomata -- Openings in the epidermis of a stem or leaf of a plant which permit gas exchange with the air. In general, all plants except liverworts have stomata in their sporophyte stage.
[edit] Stomata as pathogenic pathways
Stomata are an obvious hole in the leaf by which, as was presumed for a while, pathogens can enter unchallenged.
Stomata (singular stoma) are microscopic openings on the undersurface of leaves that allow gas exchange and water evaporation from inside the leaf. Because dehydration can be a serious problem, the stomata close when the plant is under water stress.
The stomata leave clearly visible impressions in the nail varnish. A graticule slide allows for the counting of how many stomata (per unit area) are on the leaf surface, a characteristic of physiological significance.
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Merostomata The class of arthropods whose members are aquatic and possess book gills on the opisthosoma. Eurypterids (extinct) and horseshoe crabs.
The class Merostomata contains the extinct "sea scorpions" (or eurypterids) and the extant (living) horseshoe crabs. Eurypterids are extinct, but were important elements of faunas 200-500 million years ago during the Paleozoic Era.
stoma pl. stomata
[Gk. mouth]
A microscopic pore surrounded by guard cells in the epidermis of leaves and stems that allows gas exchange between the environment and the interior of the plant.
strategy ...
stoma (pl. stomata)
A microscopic pore surrounded by guard cells in the epidermis of leaves and stems that allows gas exchange between the environment and the interior of the plant.
stoma (plural: stomata). Natural opening in a leaf surface that serves for gas exchange and water evaporation and has the ability to open and close in response to environmental conditions.
The plant solution to gas exchange is a new structure, the guard cells that flank openings (stomata) in the above ground parts of the plant. By opening these guard cells the plant is able to allow gas exchange by diffusion through the open stomata.
Microscopic pores known as stomata are the only breaches in the otherwise continuous layer of the leaf epidermis. Each individual pore, or stoma, is, in fact, a small opening between a pair of specialized cells known as guard cells.
(Science: botany) the loss of water by evaporation in terrestrial plants, especially through the stomata (accompanied by a corresponding water uptake from the roots); ...
small opening such as found in leaves; plural, stomata
Source: Noland, George B. 1983. General Biology, 11th Edition. St. Louis, MO. C. V. Mosby
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Gas exchange in complex plants occurs through the stomata (open pores) on the underside of the leaves. Carbon dioxide enters and oxygen leaves via these pores.
Crassulacean acid metabolism An adaptation by plants living in arid environment; the C4 pathway concentrates carbon dioxide at night, and vapor exchange with the environment is curtailed during the heat of the day by closure of the stomata.
Between their edges, at various points of their meeting, roundish dark spots are sometimes seen, which have been described as stomata, though they are closed by intercellular substance.
 See also: Stoma, Plant, Trans, Cells, Organ
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