Foliar feeding (applying fertilizer solution by spraying leaves or needles, which is then absorbed by the foliage) is recommended.
Han-Kengai (Semi-cascade)
Another style, han-kengai (semi-cascade) is often categorized separately.
I've been foliar feeding for a number of years now, and do it primarily in the heat of summer when it's too hot for both me and my trees. Here in Texas, the summers are murder on our bonsai trees. Everything just shuts down with the 100+ deg.
I think the emphasis on foliar feeding is greatly overdone. Roots are the primary method that plants have devised to take up water and nutrients, and they are hundreds of times more efficient at it than leaves.
When foliar feeding, be sure to carefully follow all of
the manufacturers' instructions and never foliar feed in direct sunlight, as
leaves can burn quickly. While applying synthetic nutrient, use a spray to mist ...
However, as with the Kengai Bonsai style, it's vital to realise that water and nutrients make it to the tips of the tree. Using the Foliar feeding technique this is easily achieved, ...
Alternate between organic blends and synthetic formulations, and include the micronutrients. Give occasional foliar feedings during cooler times. Nitrogen from a urea source is more slowly released, less likely to burn.
After a few weeks, begin adding some balanced organic fertilizer. Junipers and pines will benefit from weekly foliar feedings of fish emulsion. Finally, cut off any flowers just as they finish blooming to ensure the next year's good showing.
 See also: Bonsai, Plant, Form, Root, Cutting
  
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