Melatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland in the body. It is generally secreted at night, where in most people, levels are the greatest during the normal hours of sleep.
Phase one begins as soon as the sun sets, when the pineal gland starts to release melatonin, a hormone released in the absence of light and responsible for making us sleepy.
L-Tryptophan, an indispensable amino acid, serves as a precursor for several small molecules of functional significance including the vitamin niacin, the neurotransmitter serotonin, the metabolite tryptamine, and the pineal hormone melatonin.
The pineal gland and the kidneys are especially vulnerable to excess calcium infiltration, while the skeleton suffers from a lack of calcium. Vitamin K may play a role in the regulation of blood sugar.
 See also: Nutrition, Protein, Vitamins, Tissue, Aging
  
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