Severe mental retardation

A. Severe mental retardation B. Cerebral palsy C. Neurobehavioral effects D. Decreased birth weight E. Delayed motor development milestones F. All of the above ...

Down syndrome is characterized by moderate to severe mental retardation, sloping forehead, small ear canals, flat bridged nose, and short fingers and toes. One third of infants have congenital heart disease, and one third have duodenal atresia.

If untreated, severe mental retardation, growth delays, deafness, and other neurological abnormalities can occur. To treat congenital hypothyroidism, synthetic thyroid hormone is given daily, in most cases.

and postnatal growth retardation); characteristic abnormalities of the head and facial (craniofacial) area, resulting in a distinctive facial appearance; malformations of the hands and arms (upper limbs); and mild to severe mental retardation.

congenital disorder characterized by mild to severe mental retardation, slow physical development, and characteristic physical features. Down syndrome affects about 1 in every 1,000 live births and occurs in all populations equally.

However, the disorder is typically characterized by underdevelopment (hypoplasia) or absence (agenesis) of the thick band of nerve fibers joining the two hemispheres of the brain (corpus callosum) and moderate to severe mental retardation.

The spectrum of intellectual involvement ranges from subtle learning disabilities and a normal IQ, to severe mental retardation and autism.

A congenital anomaly characterised by impaired development, severe mental retardation, characteristic facies with short stature, brachycephaly, webbed neck, carp mouth, forward-directed nostrils, bushy eyebrows meeting at the midline, ...

Nasal hypoplasia, sparse hair, truncal obesity, genital hypoplasia and severe mental retardation ... sparse hair
Neonatal Progeroid Syndrome ... Sparse hair
Netherton syndrome ichthyosis ... sparse hair
Neuroectodermal endocrine syndrome ...

Agyria manifests clinically with severe mental retardation, microcephaly, hypotonia and refractory seizures with an early onset in the first year of life. MR shows a smooth brain surface with thickening of the Cerebral: Relating to the brain.

A person of moderate to severe mental retardation having a mental age of from three to seven years and generally being capable of some degree of communication and performance of simple tasks under supervision.

Severe mental retardation
Note that Acetyl-coa acetyltransferase 2 deficiency symptoms usually refers to various symptoms known to a patient, ...

If untreated, even mild hypothyroidism can lead to severe mental retardation and growth retardation. Development is delayed early on, often indicated by failure to meet normal milestones. The appearance of teeth may be delayed.

Eventually, this delay is recognized as severe mental retardation. Unlike some genetic conditions causing severe mental retardation, AS is not associated with developmental regression (loss of previously attained developmental milestones).

It's characterized by severe mental retardation and health problems involving nearly every organ system of the body.
Babies with the disorders usually die by age 1, but there have been a few cases in which children survive into their teens.

Menkes syndrome causes severe mental retardation, vomiting, and diarrhea. The skin lacks pigment, and the hair is sparse, steely, or kinky. Bones may be weak and malformed, and arteries are fragile, sometimes rupturing.

Untreated, mild hypothyroidism can lead to severe mental retardation and growth retardation. Critical development of the nervous system takes place in the first few months after birth. Thyroid hormone deficiency may cause irreversible damage.

Clinically, the disorder is characterized by severe mental retardation, sparse, steely or kinky hair and a number of other abnormalities, some of which can be correlated with deficiencies of specific copper proteins.
Treatment and Prevention ...

SYMPTOMS"Slow physical development, moderate to severe mental retardation, and facial features which are somewhat flattened. Ears are set low, tongue is large and furrowed, hands are broad and short"and have a single (simian) crease across the palm.

Some children with cerebral palsy have severe mental retardation, but others are extremely bright. Many need a wheelchair and extensive, lifelong care, but some require little or no special assistance.
Causes ...

At worst, the child may suffer severe mental retardation or cerebral palsy. Blindness, either complete or partial, may be another result, as well as loss of hearing and delays in development.

hypotonia, short stature, brachycephaly, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthus, Brushfield spots on the iris, protruding tongue, small ears, short, broad hands, fifth finger clinodactyly, Simian crease, and moderate to severe MENTAL RETARDATION.

Girls may have a gender-specific condition called Aicardi syndrome, which causes severe mental retardation, seizures, abnormalities in the vertebra of the spine, and lesions on the retina of the eye.

This syndrome may account for up to 1% of individuals with severe mental retardation.
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Symptoms, Diagnosis & Tests
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Trisomy 18 and trisomy 13 are genetic disorders that present a combination of birth defects including severe mental retardation, as well as health problems involving nearly every organ system in the body.
Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn ...

MCT8-specific thyroid hormone cell transporter deficiency (THCT deficiency) is an inherited disorder that is characterized by severe mental retardation, an impaired ability to speak, diminished muscle tone (hypotonia), and/or movement abnormalities.

syndrome, schizencephaly (clefts or deep divisions in brain tissue), and holoprosencephaly (failure of the forebrain to divide into lobes.) Girls may have a gender-specific condition called Aicardi's syndrome, which causes severe mental retardation, ...

HIV infection
Active Cancer
Poor adherence to treatment
Substance abuse problems
Severe mental retardation
Severe coronary artery disease and/or congestive heart failure.

Between 1 in 20,000 - 50,000 babies are affected. This disease may account for up to 1% of individuals with severe mental retardation.

amentia Subnormal development of the mind, with particular reference to intellectual capacities; a type of severe mental retardation.

It causes major physical abnormalities and severe mental retardation, and very few children afflicted with this disease survive beyond a year. Description Humans normally have 23 pairs of chromosomes....

Screening infants for increased levels of amino acids can lead to early diagnosis of an inborn error of metabolism. If the condition is promptly treated, complications such as severe mental retardation may be prevented.
Normal Results
Alanine ...

Intelligence and learning - Many people with Fragile X have intellectual disabilities. These problems can range from mild learning disabilities to more severe mental retardation.

mercury readily crosses the placenta from mother to fetus and is teratogenic, particularly to the developing brain. Children born with Minamata disease can have growth deficiency, microcephaly (an abnormally small head), severe mental retardation and ...

a malformed kidney or a ventricular septal defect (a hole between the lower chambers of the heart).
An example of a chemical imbalance would be phenylketonuria (a defect in a chemical reaction of the body that results in severe mental retardation).

certain facial features and sometimes heart defects.
Trisomy 18. An extra copy of chromosome 18 causes this syndrome, which usually proves fatal during the first year of the baby's life and is associated with severe mental retardation.

See also: Mental retardation, Symptom, Death, Seizure, Pregnancy