Spontaneous pneumothorax
From Healthscout's partner site on asthma, MyAsthmaCentral.com ...
In some cases, a collapsed lung occurs without any cause. This is called a spontaneous pneumothorax. A small area in the lung that is filled with air, called a bleb, ruptures, and the air leaks into the space around the lung.
Spontaneous pneumothorax: Often called a collapsed lung, this condition occurs when air enters the saclike space between the chest wall and the lung tissue. Normally, negative pressure in the chest cavity allows the lungs to expand.
Primary spontaneous pneumothorax
This means that the pneumothorax develops for no apparent reason in an otherwise healthy person. This is the common type of pneumothorax.
Primary spontaneous pneumothorax. This usually occurs in otherwise healthy people with no history of chest trauma. It's most common in tall, thin men — many of them smokers — between 20 and 40 years of age.
Spontaneous Pneumothorax can be classified as primary spontaneous pneumothorax and secondary spontaneous pneumothorax.
Spontaneous pneumothorax: This condition occurs when air enters the saclike space between the chest wall and the lung tissue. Normally, negative pressure in the chest cavity allows the lungs to expand.
Spontaneous pneumothorax occurs most often in tall, thin men who are between the ages of 20-40
Smoking
Having a family history of pneumothorax
Having other lung diseases such as COPD, asthma, cystic fibrosis, tuberculosis, or pertussis ...
Spontaneous pneumothorax is caused by a rupture of a cyst or a small sac (bleb) on the surface of the lung.
Spontaneous Pneumothorax -- commonly known as a collapsed lung. The blebs that sometimes form in emphysema can "pop", resulting in a Collapsed Lung. This can be a life-threatening emergency.
Spontaneous pneumothorax has about a 15% chance of recurrence, usually on the same side; chances of recurrence on the other side are significantly less (Tamura).
Spontaneous pneumothorax may occur as a result of rupture of bullae and should be suspected in any patient with COPD whose pulmonary status abruptly worsens.
Diagnosis
Chest x-ray ...
A spontaneous pneumothorax can be the first sign of LCH in the lung, although patients may present with tachypnea or dyspnea. Ultimately, widespread fibrosis and destruction of lung tissue leads to severe pulmonary insufficiency.
Middle-aged and older adults whose lungs have been damaged by asthma, chronic bronchitis, or emphysema may have a spontaneous pneumothorax.
See also Spontaneous pneumothorax, traumatic pneumothorax, and tension pneumothorax.
There is an increased risk of spontaneous pneumothorax, which is air leaking out of the lungs and into the chest. Spontaneous pneumothorax may result in a collapsed lung. Many different types of kidney tumors have been seen in people with BHD.
A spontaneous pneumothorax also can develop in people who don't have any obvious lung disease. It's most common in tall, thin men between the ages of 20 and 40 and is much more common in smokers.
Many women with this disorder have recurrent episodes of collapsed lung (spontaneous pneumothorax).
You can develop a pneumothorax without having a recognized lung disease or chest injury. This is called a spontaneous pneumothorax. Smoking increases your risk of spontaneous pneumothorax.
Spontaneous pneumothorax commonly occurs in tall, thin young men (sex ratio: 6:1), due to rupture of small subpleural 'blebs'. Trauma such as a rib fracture, or penetrating chest wall injury, may also cause pneumothorax.
Air around the lung; Air outside the lung; Pneumothorax; Spontaneous pneumothorax
Causes
A collapsed lung may result from chest trauma, such as gunshot or knife wounds, rib fracture, or after certain medical procedures.
Symptoms may mimic and are often misdiagnosed as perforated ulcer, acute MI, dissecting aortic aneurysm, pulmonary embolism, acute pancreatitis, spontaneous pneumothorax, lung abscess, biliary colic, mesenteric vascular occlusion, ...
Baumann MH, Strange C, Heffner JE, Light R, Kirby TJ, Klein J, et al. Management of spontaneous pneumothorax. Chest. February 2001;199:590-602.
Marx J. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 5th ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby; 2002.
People with this syndrome are at increased risk for developing colon or kidney cancer as well as spontaneous pneumothorax (lung collapse) due to pulmonary (lung) cysts.
What are the signs and symptoms of Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome? ...
Diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis
Spontaneous pneumothorax
Children may also develop: ...
Overview: Hemothorax is the presence of blood in the pleural space. ... A few patients with spontaneous pneumothorax develop hemothorax.6,7 ...
Full article ...
Blebs can form in a number of tissues due to different pathologies, including frostbitten tissues, and as a cause of spontaneous pneumothorax. In the lungs, a bleb is a collection of air within the layers of the visceral pleura.
Evaluation of the adult with dyspnea in the emergency department
Physiology of dyspnea
Primary spontaneous pneumothorax in adults
Approach to the adult with interstitial lung disease: Clinical evaluation
Overview of pulmonary hypertension ...
Spontaneous pneumothorax can also occur in people who don't have lung disease. People who smoke cigarettes are much more likely to suffer a pneumothorax than those who don't. Also, the more you smoke, the greater your chances of having a pneumothorax.
A trichodiscoma is a tumor of the hair disc while an acrochordon is a skin tag. People with this syndrome are at increased risk for developing colon or kidney cancer as well as spontaneous pneumothorax due to lung cysts.
Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome, a genodermatosis associated with spontaneous pneumothorax and kidney neoplasia, maps to chromosome 17p11.2. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Oct;69(4):876-82. Epub 2001 Aug 30. PubMed citation ...
 See also: Pneumothorax, Symptom, Collapse, Smoking, Lung Disease
  
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