Animal studies
Investigations using animals as surrogates for humans with the expectation that the results are pertinent to humans.(1)
Applied research
An investigative study in which the results are used in actual practice.(4) ...
Laboratory Animal Studies- Investigations using animals as surrogates for humans.
In animal studies, acute exposure causes chloracne, weight loss, thymus gland effects and death. Long term exposure causes liver damage, weight loss, affects immune system and reproduction, disrupts hormone metabolism and normal development.
Shown to damage the liver, kidneys, lungs and reproductive systems in animal studies, phthalates can be absorbed through the skin or inhaled. Scientists at government agencies in both the U.S.
The numbers are derived from animal studies of the relationship between dose and non-cancer effects. There are two types of acceptable exposure values: one for acute (relatively short-term) and one for chronic (longer-term) exposure.
The largest quantity of a chemical that will not cause a toxic effect, as determined by animal studies.
Lowest Achievable Emission Rate ...
 See also: Reduce, Waste, Environment, Hazard, Population
  
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