Cloning

Cloning: In biotechnology, obtaining a group of genetically identical cells from a single cell; making identical copies of a gene.
Closed-Loop Recycling: Reclaiming or reusing wastewater for non-potable purposes in an enclosed process.

cloning vector
Small circle of DNA (e.g., a plasmid) or modified bacteriophage (bacterial virus) that can carry a segment of foreign DNA into an appropriate host organism (e.g. a bacterial, yeast or mammalian cell).
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dna cloning Production of many identical copies of a defined dna fragment. See deoxyribonucleic acid.

Somatic embryogenesis is a cloning method that results in the production, from a single seed, an unlimited number of somatic embryos (clones) that grow into genetically identical trees. The term "somatic" means that the embryos are created asexually.

See also: Condition, Concentration, Agent, Reduce, Treatment