Source Reduction Credit System
An incentive system set up by certain US counties to encourage manufacturers and industries to practice prudent waste planning involving source reduction.
Source Reduction: The design, manufacture, purchase, or use of materials (such as products and packaging) to reduce the amount or toxicity of garbage generated.
Oxidation-Reduction Potential
The electric potential required to transfer electrons from one compound or element (the oxidant) to another compound (the reductant); used as a qualitative measure of the state of oxidation in water treatment systems.
Industrial Source Reduction: Practices that reduce the amount of any hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant entering any waste stream or otherwise released into the environment; ...
Reduction: A chemical reaction in which ions gain electrons to reduce their positive valence.
Regeneration: Putting the desired counter-ion back on the ion exchanger, by displacing an ion of higher affinity with one of lower affinity.
Reduction: The addition of hydrogen, removal of oxygen, or addition of electrons to an element or compound.
Reduction
this involves using less materials so less rubbish is created. For example, many glass bottle makers now use less glass to make a bottle than they did 10 years ago.
REDUCTION See: Source reduction.
REFUSE DERIVED FUEL (RDF) Fuel produced by separating, shredding and processing mixed wastes.
reduction
chemical reaction in which an atom or molecule gains an electron; decrease in positive valence; addition of hydrogen to a molecule.
reduction treatment ...
reduction (re-DUCK-shun). Reduction is the addition of hydrogen, removal of oxygen, or the addition of electrons to an element or compound.
trip reduction - reducing the total numbers of vehicle trips, by sharing rides or consolidating trips with diverse goals into fewer trips.
Risk reduction
Actions that can decrease the likelihood that individuals, groups, or communities will experience disease or other health conditions.
Risk communication
The exchange of information to increase understanding of health risks.
waste reduction Using source reduction, recycling, or composting to prevent or reduce waste generation.
Waste Reduction and Recycling
Be Waste Aware (PDF) (2 pp, 192K)
Throwing away less stuff is one of the easiest ways to help prevent climate change. Learn how. (EPA) ...
WASTE REDUCTION (Environmental Article #170)
WASTED AWAY AGAIN IN MARGA-RECYCLE-VILLE
We Can Reduce Waste with a New Materials Economy
CHOCOLATE & HEALTH (Environmental Article #169) ...
Waste Reduction: A process to reduce or eliminate that amount of waste generated at its source or to reduce the amount of toxicity from waste or the reuse of materials.
Waste reduction
Measures to reduce the amount of waste generated by an individual, household or organisation.
Waste reduction action plan ...
Volume Reduction
Processing waste materials to decrease the amount of space they occupy, usually by compacting, shredding, incineration, or composting.
Volumetric Tank Test ...
Source Reduction- Reducing the amount and/or toxicity of an item before it is ever generated (e.g., buying an item with less packaging, using a non-toxic alternative to clean with).
Source Reduction
Reducing the amount of materials entering the waste stream from a specific source by redesigning products or patterns of production or consumption (e.g., using returnable beverage containers). Synonymous for waste reduction.
Source Reduction: design, nanufacture, acquisition, and reuse of materials so as to minimize the quantity and/or toxicity of waste produced.
Bycatch Reduction (Excluder) Device
A device inserted in a fishing gear (usually trawl nets, close to the codend) to allow escapement, alive, of unwanted (nontarget and prohibited) species (e.g. jellyfish), smaller fish (juveniles), ...
Reduction Classically, the removal of oxygen. Modern chemistry expands this concept to all compounds is defined as loss of electrons.
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Reduction of the net energy level and change in chemical composition of organic matter caused by microorganisms in an oxygen free environment.
Analytes
The chemicals for which a sample is analyzed.
Reduction of the bulk of solid waste by rolling and tamping.
Comparative Risk Assessment
Process that generally uses the judgement of experts to predict effects and set priorities among a wide range of environmental problems.
WASTE REDUCTION One of the best ways of solving the problem of excess hazardous and normal waste is to practise waste reduction.
Source reduction The elimination or reduction of the waste at the source by modification of the actual process which produces the waste.
Species In chemistry, an ion or molecule in solution.
Oxidation-Reduction (redox): A chemical reaction consisting of two half-reactions; an oxidation reaction in which a substance loses or donates electrons, and a reduction reaction in which a substance gains or accepts electrons.
Means the reduction of the quantity and of the harmfulness for the environment of:- materials and substances contained in packaging and packaging waste,- packaging and packaging waste at production process level and at the marketing, distribution, ...
REDD = reductions in deforestation and degradation (in developing countries), (global scheme promoting projects for first world countries to finance) ...
The gradual reduction in volume of a soil mass resulting from an increase in compressive stress.
constitutive enzyme
An enzyme whose formation does not depend on the presence of a specific substrate ...
Hot Air: Reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, for example, in the former Soviet Union, due to economic collapse, as opposed to intentional efforts to curb emissions.
I ...
Abatement: The reduction or elimination of pollution.
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI): The highest daily amount of a substance that may be consumed over a lifetime without adverse effects.
dissipation
Reduction in the amount of a pesticide or other compound which has been applied to plants, soil etc. (used when it is not clear whether this is by mineralization degradation, binding, or leaching).
abatement - the reduction in degree or intensity of pollution.
ambient - surrounding. Ambient air usually means outdoor air (as opposed to indoor air).
assessor - people who participates in odour testing.
Recycling and Waste Reduction
Do the Benefits of Recycling Outweigh the Costs?Why Are So Few Food Containers Made of Recyclable Plastic?How School Lunch Packaging Waste Adds Up
Suggested Reading ...
Carbon Offset - A reduction in carbon dioxide emissions by a project (such as rainforest preservation) that is sold to a purchaser to balance the purchaser's own emissions.
BACT -Best Available Control Technology An emission limitation based on the maximum degree of emission reduction (considering energy, environmental and economic impacts) achievable through application of production processes and available methods, ...
Self-limitation A process where intraspecific competition leads to a reduction in reproduction and/or survival at higher densities.
Gleyed soil - soil that formed under poor drainage, resulting in the reduction of iron and other elements in the profile. Gray,
green, or yellow soil colors and mottles may or may not be present.
aestivation a period of dormancy similar to hibernation, during which an animal retreats from the heat of the summer and experiences a lower body temperature and reduction of growth and metabolic processes.
Emissions Trading: a mechanism for achieving emissions reductions in a whole economy (either national, regional or global) for the lowest cost.
So when you hear about carbon reduction, they really mean greenhouse gas reduction. Ironically, part of that is literal carbon preservation — e.g. not burning coal.
#10 Protecting the world's climate by stabilizing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases will require enormous reductions in current emissions.
The extent of pollution reduction varies among technologies and measures. In general, control technologies and measures that do the best job of reducing pollution will be required in the areas with the worst pollution.
Radiative Forcing - Reduction of radiation reflecting from earth per units of increase of a chemical component that causes this change in the atmosphere.
The protocol sets greenhouse gas abatement (reduction) targets for nations from 2008 to 2012. Australia ratified the protocol in 2008, leaving the United States as the only industrialised nation not to have ratified.
This of course results in a reduction in water loss which is good. However, closure of the stomates results in less CO2 uptake into the plant reducing photosynthesis.
Offsets: A carbon offset is a carbon emission reduction project that helps decrease the amount of carbon dioxide that otherwise would be in the atmosphere.
Some scientists now consider that the effects of the recently recognized phenomenon of global dimming (the reduction in sunlight reaching the surface of the planet, possibly due to aerosols) may have masked some of the effect of global warming.
Radiation Decontamination: The reduction or removal of contaminated radioactive material from a structure, area, object, or person.
Land degradation: The reduction or loss of the biological or economic productivity from rainfed cropland, irrigated cropland, or range, pasture, forest and woodlands. Land degradation usually results from unsustainable land use.
Soil washing
water-based volume reduction process in which contaminated soil or dredgings are separated into a small contaminated fraction, for further treatment or disposal, and a larger cleaned fraction ...
Risk reduced to levels such that further risk reduction measures would be so disproportionate to probability and consequence that it would be objectively unreasonable to implement them.
Risk ...
Secondary treatment The removal or reduction of contaminants and BOD of effluent from primary wastewater treatment.
Sediments Soil, sand, and minerals washed from land into water, usually after rain.
Best available control technology An emission limitation, including a visible emissions standard, based on the maximum possible reduction of an air pollutant.
Billet A bar of steel or iron that is in an intermediate manufacturing stage.
The flow of air removes a large amount of solar heat gain that would ordinarily enter the building, resulting in a reduction in space cooling needs and energy consumption.
VOC’s can affect the health of people using the building, and they also contribute to air pollution and reduction of the ozone layer.
EPA considers an antimicrobial to be a sanitizer when it reduces but does not necessarily eliminate all the microorganisms on a treated surface. To be a registered sanitizer, the test results for a product must show a reduction of at least 99.
Changing active organic matter in sludge into inert, harmless material. The term also refers to physical activities such as compacting and capping at sites that limits the further spread of contamination without actual reduction of toxicity.
 See also: Environment, Water, Environmental, Air, Waste
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