osmosis Passage of materials through a membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Chemiosmosis - A term used to describe the ability of a membrane to use energy to pump hydrogen ions and then harness the hydrogen ion gradient to carry out cellular functions, most importantly, the production of ATP's.
Reverse Osmosis Water. Many orchid growers use ultra-clean sources of water such as reverse osmosis, distilled or rain water.
Reverse osmosis: the process of removing minerals from water, which is forced by pressure through a differentially permeable membrane, filtering out the minerals; can happen when growers accidentally apply too strong of a nutrient to a plant's roots, ...
That means even the water you give it should be water that's purified by distillation or 'reverser osmosis.
To lower kH:
1) Inject carbon dioxide (CO2);
2) Use reverse osmosis (RO) water; or
3) Add commercially available products to decrease buffering capacity.
These parents want to pass this information on to their children, and in this situation it is learnt so easily, almost by osmosis without the use of textbooks. The interaction between people of different age groups is a valuable social experience.
Roots can also suffer from overly high levels of fertilizer: they will lose water through osmosis when fertilizer salt concentrations are higher in the surrounding soil-this is how fertilizers "burn" roots.
 See also: Water, Growing, Plant, Produce, Leaf
  
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