Undercut the turf with an edger or a square headed spade, and discard or compost the material that you remove.
Click picture to enlarge
Break up the soil under the turf with a hand cultivator or garden fork.
Undercut.
Cut the limb from the underside about 1/2 way through but stop before the saw binds. This cut should be made at 'A' in the picture above.
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Continue undercutting until the root ball is on a soil pedestal. Carefully tilt the tree and ball and tie the burlap on the bottom of the ball. A sling made of burlap or strong, wide straps can be used to lift the plant out of the hole.
Then undercut the plant to form a cone, removing the soil an inch or so at a time, moving all around the plant, until you begin to see that you are removing roots. If possible, then get a square of burlap under the plant.
When pruning a large branch, first undercut it some distance away from where the final cut will be. The second cut should be to the outside of this cut to remove the bulk of the branch.
Fig.1 Pruning principles. The first cut (A) undercuts the limb. The second cut (B) removes the limb. The final cut (C) should be made just on the outside of the collar, to remove the branch stub.
If the area is covered with turfgrass, use a sharp spade to cut the sod into strips, then undercut the strips below the level of the grass roots; peel away the sod (it can be used to repair bare areas in the lawn or stacked upside down and composted).
Word to the Wise: Drawing a measured plan, section, or elevation of your garden is also a professional project. Don't expect a coach to undercut a designer and charge you less for this skilled service than the another professional would charge.
 See also: Plant, Grow, Pruning, Cutting, Soil
  
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