analog
See Also: digital
[mathematics] Represented continuously rather than in discrete steps; having value at any degree of precision.
Analog Map Any direct viewable map on which graphic symbols portray features and values: contrast with digital map.
Annotation Text on a drawing map associated with identifying or explaining graphic entities shown.
Arc See line.
Analog Signal
The principal feature of analog signals is that they are continuous. In contrast, digital signals consist of values measured at discrete intervals.
Analog Data - Data represented in a continuous form, not readable by a computer.
Area - Level of spatial measurement referring to a two-dimensional defined space; for example, a polygon on the earth as projected onto a horizontal plane.
Analog data models versus digital data models
Analog data models define fundamental primitives which conceptually discretize the infinite complexity of reality.
Analog Model: Assessing new sites by identifying existing sites whose trade area and general attributes (and hence, revenues) resemble that expected for the new location.
Analog
Representation of a numerical quantity by continuously variable physical qualities such as graphic marks or electric voltages. (Contrast with Digital).
Analysis ...
[edit] Analog signals to digital
Nearly all recorded music has been digitized. About 10 percent of the 500,000 or so movies listed on the Internet Movie Database are digitized on DVD.
[edit] Analog texts to digital ...
Analog to digital conversion
Remote Sensing
Questions
Map Source and Abstractions ...
Analogy to statistical packages
Characteristics of application area
Organizations
REFERENCES ...
Analog computer animation
Flash animation
PowerPoint animation
A completely synthetic, computer-generated scene.
A good analogy for describing the convex hull is the elastic band analogy. Image an elastic band is stretched and wrapped around your polygon, line or set of points.
Convert analog topographic information into NTDB
Version 3,1 digital topographic information. A raster file in
GeoTIFF format, produced by scanning a paper map, is provided as
data source.
Items in analog (paper) form such as reports, maps, or charts, involve the most effort in terms of data conversion - these data must be keypunched, manually digitized, scanned, or otherwise automated to suit the demands made of them.
A simple analogy is to imagine cutting a watermelon in half through its longest dimension and laying the flat side on the floor. From above it resembles some of these Zagros anticlines.
Digital to Analog (converter)
DAAC
Div. des archives audiovisuelles et cartographiques, Archives nationales du Canada; Distributed Active Archive Center ...
An academic analogy that comes to mind is Statistics. While its inception is rooted in 15th Century mathematics, it wasn't until the early 20th Century that the discipline broadened its scope and societal impact much like contemporary geotechnology.
Maps, whether analog or digital, and spatial data, whether in vector or raster format, are related to some location. We mostly refer to these locations using coordinate systems.
Figure 4.1 Analogue and digital data
Figure 4.2 Data sources
Data Capturing Methods ...
Digital Map A machine-readable representation of a geographic phenomenon stored for display or analysis by a digital computer; contrast with analog map. Digital Number (DN) In image processing, the value of each pixel in a dataset.
htm#52 Analogue maps digitized by scanning. The data structure of scanned maps is raster. schema A structured framework. A metadata schema specifies the order and types and labels of information elements describing a geodata set.
Geocoding The conversion of features found on an analog map into a computer-digital form.
In SQL terms, a record is analogous to a tuple.
2. A logical unit of data in a file. For example, there is one record in the ARC file for each arc in a coverage.
Digitizing: A method of data capture that involves the conversion of data in analog form, such as maps and aerial photographs, into a digital form that is directly readable by a computer.
Prior to the late 1950s the analog map was the primary device or tool for storing, organizing, and displaying the locations of features on the earth's surface.
Referring to the Figure 1 functional block diagram of the GNSS receiver RF front end with AGC digital gain control and J/N meter, the analog components begin with a right-hand circularly polarized L-band antenna with nearly hemispherical gain ...
This is analogous to a pixel, which represents 2D image data in a bitmap (which is sometimes referred to as a pixmap).
It is constructed in analogy to the geographical term "isotherm." Similar words are current in scientific literature. Isodapane contains besides the well-known root isos, "equal," the word dapane, which means "expense," "cost.
A recent trend is to convert analog aerial photographs into raster images called digital orthophoto quads (DOQ).
Cannot be used to digitize data from analog maps to make them into digital forms which ArcView can use.
Does not alter original Arc/Info coverages.
Cannot perform Arc/Info commands (without programming in a scripting language).
Most of the buttons have analogous menu choices. Some people remember functionality based on the images and position of the buttons, whereas other people remember functionality based on menu associations.
In order to use POV-RAY you need to convert a DEM file in ASCII or SDTS format to an analogous TGA file whereby the color depth of each pixel is proportional to the value of the corresponding elevation posting.
Its origin is unknown, though it has an obvious analogue in the azimuthal gnomonic projection.
In order to assure that the image brightness values of the orthophoto closely portray the source imagery, very little image enhancement, other than a limited amount of analog dodging, is performed when preparing the photograph for scanning.
Great circles on the sphere are the analogs of straight lines in the plane. Such curves are often called geodesics. A spherical triangle is a region of the sphere bounded by three arcs of geodesics.
Desktop metaphor - The use of physical analogy or icons to help PC users interact with computer applications.
Device independent - The ability of a software product to run on computer systems of different hardware configuration.
ArcView can create and edit simple geometric features (points, lines, and polygons) analogous to shapefile features in a personal geodatabase (based on Microsoft Access files). ArcView can also create and maintain annotation in a personal geodatabase.
Current trends in this field are moving away from analog methods of mapmaking and toward the creation of increasingly dynamic, interoperable maps that can be manipulated digitally.
The process of converting data from analogue paper maps into computer files is called digitizing. Modern GIS technology has the capability to automate this process fully for large projects; smaller jobs may require some manual digitizing.
This City of Düsseldorf map was the first to be created and stored digitally. The map was created from analogue data.
record
1. In an attribute table, a single 'row' of thematic descriptors. In SQL terms, a record is analogous to a tuple.
2. A logical unit of data in a file. For example, there is one record in the ARC file for each arc in a coverage.
Digital Map: A computer-readable representation of a geographic area or phenomenon that can be displayed or analyzed by a digital computer. This is in contrast to an analog "paper" map.
E
F ...
The greater radiometric resolution is achieved by the analog-to-digital conversion of the electrical signal to 8 bits or 256 gray levels compared to the 127 gray levels of the MSS on the first three Landsat satellites.
Perhaps a useful analogy is the tool of statistics which in some disciplines (e.g., agronomy) is close to universal, while in others (e.g., anthropology) usage is mixed and its value is the subject of continuous debate.
 See also: Information, Model, GIS, Feature, Analysis
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