Geographic Features
Real world objects, whether natural or man-made, are called features when they are represented on a map. Each map feature has a location, shape, and symbol that represents one or more of its characteristics.
All geographic features on the earth's surface can be characterized and defined as one of three basic feature types. These are points, lines, and areas.
Geographic Feature
A discrete geographic phenomenon such as a lake, city or building. ARC/INFO represents features in coverages with its vector data model. Abstract entities such as item footprints are also geographic features.
geographic feature A user-defined geographic phenomenon that can be modeled or represented using geographic data sets in ArcInfo. Examples of geographic features include streets, sewer lines, manhole covers, accidents, lot lines, and parcels.
Geographic features are stored as a series of coordinate values. Each point along a road or other feature is defined by positional coordinate value, such as longitude and latitude.
Geographic features are organized by scale (resolution) and discipline.
Once geographic features and data have been selected, generalized and classified for the map, it is necessary to choose the appropriate graphic representation or symbols for the information.
Major geographic features in this image include the western Mohave Desert (containing Edwards Air Force Base), the southern tip of the Great (San Joaquin) Valley, ...
Locate geographic features based on their properties (e.g., "Where are all the cities within western Washington of population greater than 5000, but less than 10,000?").
Identify properties of geographic features based on their location (e.g.
Entity: Geographic feature that exists and is distinguishable in the real world. For example, a land parcel, road, building, manhole, or pole.
Attribute data
Geographic features
Satellite and aerial images (raster data)
CAD data
Surface modeling or 3D data
Utility and transportation systems
GPS coordinates
Survey measurements ...
A collection of geographic features with the same geometry type (such as point, line or polygon), the same attributes, and the same spatial reference.
All maps contain geographic features to describe whatever is conveyed on the map but it is feature characteristics that differentiate these features. Which are size, distribution, pattern, neighborhood, orientation, size, shape, and contiguity.
A geographic feature that can be represented by a line or set of lines. For example, rivers, roads within a pizza delivery area, and electric and telecommunication networks are all linear features.
hydrography - Geographic features that represent streams, lakes, reservoirs, rivers, and other drainage features.
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ESRI Dictionary ...
Line feature - A geographic feature represented on a map by connecting an ordered sequence of points.
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What are the roads, geographic features, landmarks, and institutions immediately surrounding the site that people familiar with the area would use to orient themselves and discuss issues and phemomena?
[edit] Cities and Geographic features
Gibraltar is antipodal to Great Barrier Island about 130 km from Auckland, New Zealand.
- In both cases the geographic features were modeled by the layer structure which realized an arbitrary feature class in the case of the vector model but a single feature type in the case of the raster one; ...
A single x,y coordinate that represents a geographic feature too small to be displayed as a line or area-for example, the location of a mountain peak or a building location on a small-scale map.
Label: A textual description of a geographic feature or object placed on a map.
Layer: A usable subdivision of a dataset, generally containing objects of certain classes, for example rivers, roads or buildings.
A GIS database includes data about the spatial location and shape of geographic features recorded as points, lines, areas, pixels, grid cells, or tins, as well as their attributes.
and returns them along with the corresponding geometry (usually a point relative to a requested spatial reference system.) The request is "sent" to a Geocoder Service, which processes the request and returns the resulting geographic feature ...
Feature class - Feature classes are classifications and representations of geographic features and supporting data in coverages.
6 the range of possible values of a characteristic; an attribute value is a specific instance of the characteristic associated with a geographic feature. axiom p.
Attribute data are descriptions, measurements, and/or classifications of the geographic features. Attribute data can be classified into 4 levels of measurement: nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio.
The state view suggests geography comprise static properties at locations, including a snapshot of a field or individual geographic features.
Spatial analysis is the process of extracting or creating new information about a set of geographic features. Spatial analysis is useful for evaluating suitability and capability, for estimating and predicting, and for interpreting and understanding.
ArcView provides data visualization, query, analysis, and integration capabilities along with the ability to create and edit simple geographic features.
A union overlay combines the geographic features and attribute tables of both inputs into a single new output. An intersect overlay defines the area where both inputs overlap and retains a set of attribute fields for each.
A classification describing the format of geographic features and supporting data in a coverage. Coverage feature classes for representing geographic features include point, arc, node, route-system, route, section, polygon and region.
In effect any information concerning the location, shape of, and relationships among, geographic features (Walker 1993; DeMers 1997).
Raster displays and databases build all geographic features from grid cells in a matrix. A raster display builds an image from pixels, pels, or elements of coarse or fine resolution.
View - A View is a collection of geographic features, grouped by Themes *. A View has two components: a Legend and a display window.
Tables - A Table is a collection of attribute data, typically linked to spatial features in a Theme.
In contrast to reference maps which show many geographic features (forests, roads, political boundaries), thematic maps emphasize spatial variation of one or a small number of geographic distributions.
[data storage] A digital database of geographic features, covering the entire United States and its territories, that provides a topological description of the geographic structure of these areas. The files are a public product created from the U.S.
An entity or geographic feature that occupies a position in space about which data describing the attributes of the entity and its geographic location are recorded.
As well as geographic features and political boundaries, many often feature geopolitical, social, religious and economic statistics.
In a GIS, collections of geographic features are organized into data sets, such as land parcels, fire locations, buildings, orthophoto imagery, and raster-based digital elevation models (DEMs).
Shapefile - "An ArcView GIS data set used to represent a set of geographic features such as streets, hospital locations, trade areas, and ZIP Code boundaries. Shapefiles can represent point, line, or area features.
The so-called globular maps were essentially simple pictorial devices for presenting general geographic features. Their main purpose was emphasizing the Earth's roundness; no globular projection is equal-area or conformal.
Example 2: Obtain and compute properties of geographic features
The Avenue language contains methods for obtaining properties of geographic features and computing additional properties.
Attributes: Characteristics of a geographic feature described by numbers, characters, and images, typically stored in a tabular format and linked to the feature by an identifier. A column in a database table.
attribute: A characteristic of a geographic feature described by numbers or letters, typically stored in tabular format and linked to the feature in a relational database.
Board on Geographic Names (BGN), contains information about almost 2 million physical and cultural geographic features in the United States and its territories.
For those MicroStation users ready to take the next step to building geospatial models instead of CAD maps, Bentley Map also brings the concept of intelligent geographic features to MicroStation.
He assigned coordinates to all the places and geographic features he knew, in a grid that spanned the globe.
Although there are potential accuracy problems which are associated with paper and linen maps (related to distortions due to shrinkage/expansion of the media) in capturing geographic features, ...
The data and includes major roads and geographic features, inland bodies of water, shoreline hydrography, and the latest agreed and disputed jurisdiction boundaries.
We have used the information based on the different geographic features - rivers, roads and slope - and their relationships to solve our problem.
Let’s have a wider outlook! ...
This requires a common link between the data in a given data set and an existing geographic feature. For example, a data set that contains a hospital name and bed capacity can be shown at the hospital locations on a map.
Madagascar: Map Quiz Worksheet
A printable quiz on the major geographic features of Madagascar. The student reads a map to answer 10 geography questions. Or go to the answers.
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Shapefile - A vector data storage format for storing the location, shape, and attributes of geographic features. A shapefile is stored in a set of related files and contains one feature class.
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Spatial Data - information about the location and shape of, and relationships among, geographic features, usually stored as coordinates and topology.
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Vector data represent geographic features by coordinates of points, lines, and polygons. Points represent small features such as wells, towers, or nest locations. Linear features such as roads and streams are represented by lines.
A vector base map for use in XMap that displays roads and streets; back-country trails; land cover shading; cities, towns and locales; and geographic features.
It includes: graphic descriptions of parcels of land indicating their relative size and position to other properties, rivers, creeks, roads, and major geographic features.
have successfully downloaded the "shapefiles" for both the census tracts and major roads in Placer County, California! As you will learn later, these "shapefiles" are what Arcview uses to map the shape and attributes of various geographic features.
 See also: Feature, Geographic, Information, Map, Location
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