topology
See Also: arc-node topology, polygon-arc topology
[ESRI software] In geodatabases, the arrangement that constrains how point, line, and polygon features share geometry.
Topology (Greek topos, "space," and logos, "study") is a branch of mathematics that is an extension of geometry. Topology begins with a consideration of the nature of space, investigating both its fine structure and its global structure.
Topology
Topology is the theory of shapes which are allowed to stretch, compress, flex and bend, but without tearing or gluing.
[edit] Topology
In a Geographic Information System GIS, topology is a set of rules which define the relationship between points, lines, and polygons. ESRI enables topology generation within their geodatabase feature classes.
Topology
Definition
Advantage
Disadvantage
Structuring Maps
All geographic data can be reduced to three basic topological concepts; the point, the line, and the area. A label is also needed to identify what the entity is.
Topology Model and Maintenance
Topology can be created on-the-fly or on-demand in Bentley PowerMap. Topological relationships are stored in the DGN file according to the same model employed by Oracle Spatial.
Topology
The spatial relationship between coverage features. For example, the topology of an arc contains its "from" and "to" nodes and its left and right polygons.
Vector ...
Topology - Topology is a mathematical procedure for explicitly defining spatial relationships. Topology expresses different types of spatial relationships as features (e.g., polygon features for areas and lines for linear features).
Topology: Relationships between spatial features including such things as continuity, nearness, inside versus outside, etc.
Topology
A distinguishing feature of a modern GIS is that some spatial relationships between spatial entities will be coded in the database. This coding is termed topologically coding.
Topology: The explicit definition of how map features represented by points, lines and areas are related. Specifically, issues of connectivity and adjacency of features are accounted for.
U ...
Topology
The study of relative relationships of geographic phenomena. When discussing digital data, topology generally refers to the relative relationships of points, lines, and polygons (after Walker 1993).
TSIP ...
Topology
The spatial relationships between connecting or adjacent coverage features (e.g., arcs, nodes, polygons, and points). For example, the topology of an arc includes its from- and to-nodes, and its left and right polygons.
Topology refers to properties of geometric forms that remain invariant when the forms are deformed or transformed by bending, stretching, and shrinking. Among the topological properties of concern in GIS are connectivity, order, and neighborhood.
Topology: A set of defined relationships between links, nodes, and centroids. Topology describes how lines and polygons connect and relate to each other, and forms the basis for advanced GIS functions, such as network tracing and spatial analysis.
Topology
Topology describes the spatial relationships between adjacent features, and uses x, y coordinates to identify the location of a particular point, line, or polygon.
Edge, Topology Level 1 -- VPF term for a network chain in a network (in SDTS, a "Network chain, non- planar graph").
Edge, Topology Level 2 -- VPF term for a network chain in a planar graph (in SDTS, a "Network chain, planar graph").
vector topology : A description of the relationship between point, node, line, and polygon elements in a vector object.
Topology is the mathematical description and study of continuity--kind of the Platonic version of "the footbone's connected to the anklebone, ...
Topology cleaning on areas is automatically performed, but may fail in special cases (then use v.clean).
Supported OGR Vector Formats
ESRI Shapefile
Mapinfo File ...
topology is derived from neighbourhood relationships
constrained triangulation means we can use vectors or surface constraints (i.e. to represent trends) ...
Topology
In GIS, the geometric characteristics of a vector object and the relationship between the nodes that define the size and shape of the object.
Township ...
Also, topology among graphical objects or items are much easier to be represented using vector form, since a commonly shared edge can be easily defined according to its left and right side polygons.
build topology
extract polygons not in the buffer but in others (buffer = n, Jack pine = y, drainage = y)
Result ...
When a topology is active, it is possible to use topology tools to select shared features, then to use the sketch tools and the Reshape Edge or Modify Edge tasks.
- REAL WORLD TOPOLOGY RULES
Here are a few real-world applications of topology rules:
Counties must not overlap
County must not have gaps
County boundary must not have dangles (i.e., must be closed) ...
Cross-tile Topology
The encoding of topological relationships in such a manner that those relations are maintained even when a data layer has been physically partitioned into multiple tiles. (Compare with Seamless Database)
Currency ...
Geometry and topology; Greater than; Geologian Tutkimuskeskus = Geological Survey of Finland
G.T.
Gas tank ...
Rules-Based Topology
Preserve data integrity and maintain the high quality of your data by automatically locating and fixing errors according to rules and behaviors you set for your geodatabase.
preliminary topology Refers to incomplete region topology. Region topology defines region-arc and region-polygon relationships. A topological region has both the region-arc relationship and the region-polygon relationship.
(Topology of topography) pixel p. 29 smallest resolvable unit in an image; an area (usually rectangular) forming a part of a systematic, uniform division of a study area. Contraction of picture element. planar graph p.
Rubber sheeting, also known as rubber banding, preserves the interconnectivity or topology, between points and objects through stretching, shrinking or re-orienting their interconnecting lines.
edge 1-dimensional topology primitive (see OGC Abstract Specification (Topic 1) clause 7.3.14) EEA European Environment Agency encapsulation In object-oriented programming, data can be encapsulated in an object, ...
While the basic elements of topology and theme existed previously in cartography, the John Snow map was unique, using cartographic methods not only to depict but also to analyze clusters of geographically dependent phenomena for the first time.
SketchUp's Inferential Topology
For people who have used other 3d drawing tools, it is surprising to see that simply drawing a line accross the top of a representation of the wall, actually appeaars to have divided the entire wall, ...
The polygon topology table describes the arcs that bound each polygon, the node topology table describes the arcs that end at each of the nodes, ...
This relationship, or "topology," describing which cell abuts which cell is implicit in the matrix of numbers. On the other hand, the topology in a vector system must be stored in a database.
First, the qualitative changes in networks` topology, capacity and services should be mentioned.
Geoprocessing - Geoprocessing embodies GIS operations, which include data conversion, geographic feature overlays, topology processing, coverage selection and analysis.
Annotation - Autodesk Map 2004 software also introduces a better way to retrieve the data attributes and properties
Drawing Cleanup - enhanced tools to simplify drawing cleanup and building of topology ...
When the topology of string theory space is considered, a "landscape" of "mountains" and "valleys" (this holds for varying two dimensions but more dimensions may be involved and can't be shown in a 2D surface representation.
TOPOLOGY
CHAPTER 3: DATA SOURCES
SOURCES OF DATA
DATA INPUT TECHNIQUES
DATA EDITING AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
CHAPTER 4: DATA ORGANIZATION AND STORAGE
ORGANIZING DATA FOR ANALYSIS
SPATIAL DATA LAYERS - VERTICAL DATA ORGANIZATION ...
Build and maintain spatial relationships between features using topology rules and a process called validation
Support multiple workflows, manage work order processing and implement quality assurance (QA) procedures for validating edits ...
Pappas, T. "The Four-Color Map Problem: Topology Turns the Tables on Map Coloring." The Joy of Mathematics. San Carlos, CA: Wide World Publ./Tetra, pp. 152-153, 1989.
Consists of information about the relationships of entities in space, facts about the real world organized geographically, the location, shape of, and relationships among geographic features, which are usually stored as coordinates and topology.
Data editing
Data manipulation
Edge-matching
Datum conversions, transformations, and projections
Topology building
Data structuring
Attaching data attributes to graphics
Data format conversions ...
Spatial Data - information about the location and shape of, and relationships among, geographic features, usually stored as coordinates and topology.
T ...
work addresses a class of problems in which initial positions are known. The proposed approaches virtually eliminate ambiguous solutions by continuously fusing current INU measurements and previous fused location estimations as the network topology ...
This includes visual inspection, as well as investigating how the data is organized (its schema), how well the data corresponds to other datasets and the rules of the physical world (its topology), ...
Group theory investigates the concept of symmetry abstractly and provides a link between the studies of space and structure. Topology connects the study of space and the study of change by focusing on the concept of continuity.
 See also: Information, GIS, Feature, Model, Software
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