The United States Golf Association (USGA) has established rules for the ball in regard to maximum weight, minimum size, spherical symmetry, initial velocity, and overall distance. The weight of the ball must not be greater than 1.
Also known as initial velocity, the USGA limits conforming balls to velocities of no more than 250 feet per second (76.2m/s) as measured on USGA test equipment. A 2% tolerance is allowed at a test temperature of 23 degrees Celsius +/-1.
The COR is the relation between rebound velocity and initial velocity. Putty would have a COR of 0. A perfectly elastic material has a COR of 1. COR is the method by which the USGA currently determines what it calls "spring-like effect".
The Defined Velocity The balls initial velocity cannot be greater than 250 feet per second
The Defined Distance The golf ball can not go on an average, further than 280 yards carry and roll.
3-piece performance golf balls
Fast initial velocity, lower spin and high launch combine to produce a flatter, less arcing ascent and straight ball flight.
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Stimp meter a small, short ramp down which a golf ball rolls to give it a constant initial velocity so that the speed of greens can be measured uniformly ...
 See also: Golf, Metal, Iron, Swing, USGA
  
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