Angle of Incidence
The angle at which a ray of light enters a stone as measured from normal.
Angle of Reflection
The angle at which a reflected ray of light leaves a surface as measured from normal.
angle of incidence Equals the angle of reflection using the reflective surface as the base of the angle. It is the incoming source of light versus the reflection being the exiting light.
The angle of incidence of light measured from the normal (90%) beyond which Total Internal Reflection will occur. From diamond to air, this is a very low figure of 24.4°.
Crown
The top part of a diamond, above the girdle.
The degree of fanning out of the white light is primarily dependent on the angle of incidence of the light upon the surface when passing out into the air.
If light passes from air into a transparent material at an angle of incidence other than a 90 degree angle, it is deflected at a different angle (the coincident angle) according to the R.I. Gemstones with higher R.I.
In an isotropic material, the refractive index is uniform regardless of the light ray's angle of incidence, meaning that the material exhibits no "birefringence," and is "singly refractive.
from denser material or the material with higher refractive index to rarer material or the material with lower refractive index, the light reflects into the denser material or refracts into the rarer material depending on the angle of incidence of ...
 See also: Gemstones, Gemstone, Crystal, Diamond, Rough
  
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