Manganese: A gray-white or silvery brittle, metallic, element which resembles iron but is not magnetic. It is found abundantly in the ores pyrolusite, manganite, and rhodochrosite and in nodules on the ocean floor.
Manganese Structures:
There are several structures in which Manganese is available and the most rarest forms are termed as aMn and ßMn.
The Laves Phase Structures: ...
Manganese bronze
Obsolete term for the high tensile brass that is sometimes used to make propellers.
Manganin ...
If manganese is added to a beryl its color changes into pink and thus "Morganites" are formed. These stones are mainly found in the countries like Brazil, Madagascar, Afghanistan and California.
MnCO3 Manganese Carbonate
Color(s):
pink, gray, brown-black, dark red, Streak: white ...
Magnesium or manganese in X site
Knorringite: Mg3Cr2(SiO4)3
Majorite: Mg3(Fe,Al,Si)2(SiO4)3
Calderite: Mn3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 ...
It is made when manganese is dissolved by ground water and attaches to a carbonate. Rhodochrosite is also an Earth stone for healing of the Earth and for showing love to the Mother of us all.
Normally, iron, manganese, chrome and vanadium are the elements responsible for the beautiful colouring in tourmalines.
Hydrous calcium iron manganese silicate
Crystal sys: triclinic
Color: black or blue to brown when altered
SG: 3.4
Hardness: 5.5 - 6
Bakerite ... see howlite
Balas ruby ... see spinel
Banded agate...see quartz..chalcedony Barite ...
desert varnish A thin, shiny red-brown or black layer, principally composed of iron manganese oxides, that coats the surfaces of many exposed desert rocks.
Rhodocrosite (MnCO2) is, like azurite and malachite, a carbonate mineral, but is an ore of manganese rather than a copper ore.
Copper (Cu) is a native metal which has long been utilized as a resource by humans.
It is a potassium sodium lithium iron manganese aluminum silicate (now that's a mouthful!). Sugilite forms in syenite, a rock that was created through volcanic activity deep beneath the earth's surface.
Thulite, the dense massive red or mottled pink and white variety, found in manganese deposits in Norway, Austria, Italy, western Australia, and in North Carolina, can be confused with rhodonite.
Morganite is beryl colored by manganese impurities. Although violet and peach are possible colors, the most common and preferred color is pink.
It is an excellent remedy for headaches; one can hold a piece of sugilite containing the black manganese in order to allow pain to be transferred to the manganese/sugilite stone.
The lithium in kunzite’s chemical composition, lithium aluminum silicate, along with trace amounts of manganese, gives it the wonderful pink colors that complement both autumn and spring wardrobes.
Green Cuprian Elbaite: The green hue is caused by manganese in the form of Mn2+ and titanium in the form of Ti4+, when in the presence of a low concentration of iron, and with both elements residing in the y crystallographic site.
Amethyst is a variety from Quartz family, colored by traces of manganese, titanium and iron. Deeper-colored amethysts are more highly valued. It is available in colors like purple, pale lavender to deep reddish purple, bluish violet etc.
The Western j amethyst is a clear quartz, coloured violet by the oxide of manganese which it contains: of the specific gravity of 2-7, it crystallizes in the form of a hexagon, terminated at the two heads by a species of cone with six facets.
Some of the magnesium which makes a pyrope a pyrope can be replaced by iron, or some of the iron that makes an almandine an almandine is replaced by manganese. In gemology this 'mixing of end members' is called isomorphous replacement.
The Romans made red glass by adding copper oxide to their mix, and in the Middle Ages manganese was used to produce a pale red. In 1680 a German glassmaker discovered how to produce ruby-coloured glass with a consistent colour by using gold chloride.
Also known as raspberryspa and manganesepar
Appeared on the market around 1940
Color: Red to white, banded; a medium to deep rose is the most sought after color
Hardness: 4
Transparency: Transparent to opaque ...
It is a variety of beryl, Be3Al2(Si6O18) that contains some manganese (giving the stone its pink color). Morganite has a hardness of 7.5 - 8 and a specific gravity of 2.71 - 2.90. It has poor cleavage and is brittle.
Typical topaz impurities which result in activation products with longer half-lives include tantalum, scandium and manganese.
Lilac pink (colored by manganese), named after the gemologist G.F. Kunz who described it in 1902. Kunzite has strong pleochroism, showing colorless and two shades of color when viewed from different directions. Kunzite is a fragile stone.
The rare orange spessartine or spessaritite, is of manganese-aluminumsilicateandratie which gives it the intense beautiful color.
The pink color of rhodochrosite is caused by the element manganese and it is formed when manganese is dissolved by ground water and combines with a carbonate material and then drips off the ceiling of caves and crevices deep underground.
This is a variety of quartz coloured by traces of manganese, titanium and iron. It is of a pale lilac, mauve or bluish violet colour. Very popular in the past, its current value is stable as new mines have recently been discovered.
The purple coloring comes from manganese and iron in the crystals. It is often found in encrustations on other stones, or inside geodes.
The black, brown, or red tree-like or scenic dendritic growths are actually included minerals of manganese and iron. Most of the moss agate is found as water worn cobbles in the Yellowstone River or its drainages between Billings and Sidney.
Chemical composition -- Hydrated aluminum oxide plus manganese.
Color -- Colorless, light shades of pink, yellow, green, brown, or light to dark red (darker red with higher manganese content). Some color change stones have been seen.
White gold is gold that has been alloyed with a mix of nickel, zinc, copper, tin, and manganese (and sometimes palladium).
Spinel owns his color to chromium, for the red to orange stones, to manganese for the violet and to iron for the blue variety.
Pyrolusite
The most common ore of manganese composed of manganese dioxide. It is a soft, iron-black to dark-steel-gray colored mineral and is used extensively in creating brown and green tints of glass.
Industrial / ecomonic uses:
Manganese is used to colour bricks.
Inaccurate data? Better photos? .
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Psilomelane, sometimes known as Black Hematite, is a group name for hard black manganese oxides such as hollandite and romanechite. Psilomelane consists of hydrous manganese oxide with variable amounts of barium and potassium.
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Rhodochrosite: Derives its pink color from Manganese. Rhodocrosite occurs in veins associated with Manganese, Copper, Silver, and lead deposits.
Ribbed: A textured effect consisting of ridges.
The chemical composition is Manganese Aluminum Silicate. Crystals vary from transparent to translucent. This relatively rare gem is found in Sri Lanka, Australia, Madagascar, Brazil, Sweden, Myanmar, and the U.S.
Bixbite
Very rare stone it is a reddish variety of Beryl due to the color of manganese.
Blue Sapphire
Part of the corundum family. Sapphire used from the Latin name for blue "sapphiru".
Hardness : 9 Refractive Index : 1.762-1.770 Density : 3.97-4.05 ...
It is often fluorescent, and if it contains a small amount of manganese it glows red under UV light.
Hessonite's formula is Ca3Al2Si3O12; manganese that gives it its characteristic brown color. This transparent stone has a hardness of 6.5 - 7 and a specific gravity of 3.6.
Rhodochrosite is Manganese Carbonate; its chemical formula is MnCO3. Rhodochrosite has a hardness of 3.5 - 4.5 (glass has a hardness of 4) and a specific gravity of 3.5.
Rhodonite: a glassy, opaque, pink to rose-red mineral, often with black inclusions, composed of crystalline manganese silicate. Named after the Greek word "rhodon" meaning "rose". It is found in the former Soviet Union, the U.S.
Rhodochrosite is a soft gem mineral
in the manganese family. It is generally pink,
but depending on the quality, it can have
very attractive white band patterns.
Danalite: A reddish mineral composed of iron, zinc manganese, glucinum and sulphur occurring in massive octahedral crystals. Danalite is named after James Dwight Dana.
Yellow Gold - 50% silver and 50% copper
White Gold - Nickel, zinc, copper, tin and manganese
Pink (rose) Gold - 90% copper and 10% silver
Green Gold - High proportion of silver or cadmium
Blue Gold - Some iron
Grey Gold - 15-20% iron ...
However, on account of Beryl's crystal structure, it is in a position to incorporate a number of foreign elements such as iron, manganese, chrome or vanadium and these have a decided effect in coloring the crystal.
Frequently added metals are Silver, Copper, Palladium, Nickel and seldom small quantities of Aluminum, Zinc, Iron or Manganese. The most common colors of gold are yellow, red and white.
Thus cobalt gives a blue color, copper or chromium green, copper or gold give red (under proper treatment) and manganese gives purple. By experiment the makers of pastes have become very skillful in imitating the color of almost any precious stone.
The pink, rose, peach and violet varieties of Beryl are known under the name Morganite for their presence of manganese and are named after the American banker and gem enthusiast J. Pierpoint Morgan.
The area is not really known for ore species and their secondary minerals, though there are numerous,
small occurences of manganese, lead and copper mineralization.
TRANSITION ELEMENTS - Types of metals that because of their atomic structures allow absorption and refraction of light in a variety of degrees. Such elements are titanium, chromium, copper, cobalt, iron, manganese, vanadium and nickel.
Cobalt, Co2O3, Manganese, MnO2, Neodymium, Nd2O3, oxides all produce lilac and violet.
Our company produced rings using many of these colours about 10 years ago, before they became "fashionable".
Alloyed gold comes in many colors: Yellow Gold is 50% silver and 50% copper; White Gold is Nickel, zinc, copper, tin and manganese; Pink (rose) Gold is 90% copper and 10% silver; Green Gold is high proportion of silver or cadmium; ...
In the Wessels mine in northern Cape Province of South Africa sugilite is mined from a strata-bound manganese deposit. It is also reported from Liguria and Tuscany, Italy; New South Wales, Australia; and Madhya Pradesh, India.
 See also: Color, Stone, Mineral, Gemstone, Crystal
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