In some cases, there can be some evidence that cannot be proven directly, such as with an eye witness. And yet that evidence may be essential to prove a case.
Sharia law has a stringent evidentiary requirement for eye witnesses, preferably from men. Convictions for crimes cannot be based on circumstantial evidence alone.
Vagrancy can carry tough penalties such as jail and caning.
(n) Material witness is the person who can give worthy information or significant evidence about the subject matter of the law suit, which have important bearing on the outcome of the trial. Eg. Eye witness of the incident.
Legal-Explanations.
Plus valet unus oculatus testis, quam auriti de cem. One eye witness is better than ten ear ones. 4 Inst. 279.
Paena ad paucos, metus ad omnes perveniat. A punishment inflicted on a few, causes a dread to all. 22 Vin. Ab. 550.
 See also: Evidence, Person, Law, Witness, Trial
  
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