Forces and Winds online meteorology guide
Graphic by: Yiqi Shao
The weight of the air above an object exerts a force per unit area upon that object and this force is called pressure.
Coriolis force (deflecting force) Apparent force, due to the rotation of the Earth, which acts normal to, and to the right of the velocity of a moving particle in the Northern Hemisphere, ...
The pressure gradient force, however, is not the only force that acts on a moving parcel of air â€" if it were, then low and high pressure regions would eventually disappear.
forced oscillation"See oscillation.
forced wave"Any wave that is required to fit irregularities at the boundary of a system or satisfy some impressed force within the system.
Force - Push or pull that gives energy to an object, sometimes causing a change in the motion of the object.
Funnel cloud - A rotating column of air extending from a cloud but not reaching the ground.
Gram - One thousandth of a kilogram ...
Force - mass times acceleration; the ability to change an object's state of rest or motion
Forecast - a statement predicting an event will occur ...
Force: The mass of an object multiplied by the change in its speed and/or direction (acceleration).
Frictional force: The resistive force caused by wind blowing over the Earth's surface.
Forced convection On a small scale, a form of mechanical stirring taking place when twisting eddies of air are able to mix.
Free convection Convection triggered by intense solar heating of the earth's surface.
Forced convection Convection aided by topographic uplift or converging surface winds.
Free convection Convection triggered by intense solar heating of Earth's surface.
Forced Channeling
Channeling of upper winds along a valley's axis when upper winds are diverted by the underlying topography. Compare pressure-driven channeling.
Forebay ...
Storm Force Wind Warning
A Storm Force Wind Warning is a statement which warns of winds averaging from 48 knots and up to 63 knots in coastal waters and high seas areas.
Stratosphere ...
Storm force winds
Winds with mean speed exceeding 48 knots or roughly 89 km/h. Storm force winds are the strongest winds used in midlatitudes. In tropical areas, Hurricane force is used to describe winds with a mean speed in excess of 64 knots.
Terrain Forced Flow
An airflow that is modified or channeled as it passes over or around mountains or through gaps in a mountain barrier.
Texas Hooker ...
Terrain Forced Flow - permalink - collapse
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An airflow that is modified or channeled as it passes over or around mountains or through gaps in a mountain barrier.
Forced aloft the rising air cools by expansion and clouds result as we often see along the Blue Mountains north of the Lehigh Valley.
Force acting on air that causes it to move from areas of higher pressure to areas of lower pressure.
Prevailing Wind
The direction from which the wind blows most frequently in any location.
A force per unit mass that arises solely from the earth's rotation, acting as a deflecting force. It is dependent on the latitude and the speed of the moving object.
The force imparted by the earth which tends to draw all bodies in the earth's sphere of influence toward the center of the earth.
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Weather Glossary Source List ...
The force exerted by the weight of the atmosphere, also known as atmospheric or barometric pressure.
Pressure gradient ...
The force on a body of projected area A is expressed as F = CAV2/2, where C is the coefficient of drag.
GALE FORCED - Sustained winds from 38 to 54 MPH. If a tropical cyclone is involved, the term TROPICAL STORM is used and its upper limit for the winds is extended to 73 MPH.
CORIOLIS FORCE: An apparent force on moving particles produced by the rotation of the Earth. In the Northern Hemisphere, the wind is deflected to the right by the coriolis force.
Coriolis Force - A force that deflects moving objects to one side because of the Earth's rotation. The object is still going straight but the Earth moves underneath it, making it look like it is moving to one side.
Coriolis force: a fictitious force used to account for the apparent deflection of a body in motion with respect to the earth, as seen by an observer on the earth.
Coriolis Force- An apparent force caused by the rotation of the Earth. In the Northern Hemisphere winds are deflected to the right, and in the Southern Hemisphere to Cumulonimbus Cloud - A vertically developed cloud, ...
Coriolis force - An apparent force that makes moving objects deflect to the right of motion in the Northern Hemisphere.
Coriolis force - a mathematical correction to balance forces affecting objects moving on the rotating earth.
Beaufort Force 0 - Wind less than 1 kt, Calm, Sea surface smooth and mirror-like. Smoke rises vertically.
Beaufort Force 1 - Wind 1-3 kt, Light Air, Scaly ripples, no foam crests. Smoke drift indicates wind direction, still wind vanes.
Coriolis force An apparent force observed on any free moving object in a rotating system.
Coriolis force—A deflective force resulting from earth's rotation; it acts to the right of wind direction in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.
Coriolis Force The apparent tendency of a freely moving particle to swing to one side when its motion is referred to a set of axes that is itself rotating in space, such as Earth.
CENTRIPETAL FORCE - An apparent force that tends to move a mass to the inside of a turn.
CHOKE - A carburetor control that enriches the air/fuel mixture for starting.
Hurricane-force Winds: Force 12 on the Beaufort Wind Scale denoting winds exceeding 118 km/h (74 mph). Hurricane-force winds may occur during a non-hurricane storm.
Hurricane Force Warning - A warning for sustained winds, or frequent gusts, of 64 knots (74 mph) or greater, either predicted or occurring, and not directly associated with a tropical cyclone.
CENTRIFUGAL FORCE
The apparent force in a rotating system that deflects masses radially outward from the axis of rotation. This force increases towards the equator and decreases towards the poles.
Pressure- The force pushing on an area or surface.
Psychrometer- An instrument used to measure relative humidity, consisting of a wet-bulb thermometer and a dry-bulb thermometer.
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GRAVITY The force of attraction of the earth on an object. The direction is downward relative to the earth, and it decreases with elevation or altitude away from the earth's surface.
Pressure The force exerted by the weight of the atmosphere, also known as atmospheric pressure. When measured on a barometer, it is referred to as barometric pressure and it is expressed in inches of mercury, millibars, or kiloPascals.
gravity - (Or force of gravity.) The force imparted by the earth to a mass that is at rest relative to the earth.
Pressure Gradient Force- Force acting on air that causes it to move from areas of higher pressure to areas of lower pressure.
Prevailing Wind- The direction from which the wind blows most frequently in any location.
PRESSURE: The force exerted by the interaction of the atmosphere and gravity. Also known as atmospheric pressure.
PVA: Positive Vorticity Advection.
QPF: Quantitative Precipitation Forecast ...
Gale WatchA watch for an increased risk of a gale force wind event for sustained surface winds, or frequent gusts, of 34 knots (39 mph) to 47 knots (54 mph), but its occurrence, location,and/or timing is still uncertain.
Calibration The process whereby a position on the scale of an instrument is identified with the magnitude of the signal (or input force) actuating the instrument.
Pan PanA headline within National Weather Service high seas forecasts transmitted via the GMDSS to indicate that a hurricane or hurricane force winds are forecast.
Pressure that's higher at one place than another sets up a force pushing from the high toward the low pressure. The greater the difference in pressures, the stronger the force.
centrifugal forceA force directed outward, away from the center of a rotating object; equal in magnitude to the centripetal force but in the opposite direction.
geostrophic flow A type of movement where the Coriolis force balances exactly the horizontal pressure force. glacial maximum The position or time of the greatest advance of a glacier (e.g.
In November 1951, the Weather Bureau, Air Force and Navy Tabulation Units in New Orleans, LA were combined and formed into the National Weather Records Center in Asheville, NC.
The SWEAT Index and Total-Totals Index The SWEAT Index was derived by the Air Force, not for putting cadets through basic training but for indicating the potential for severe weather to pilots.
Coriolis Effect - In synoptic scale weather systems (hurricanes and large mid-latitude storms), the Coriolis force causes the air to rotate around a low pressure center in a cyclonic direction.
A stability index developed by the Air Force which incorporates instability, wind shear, and wind speeds as follows: SWEAT = (12 Td 850 ) + (20 [TT-49]) +( 2 f 850) + f 500 + (125 [s+0.2]) where Td 850 is the dew point temperature at 850 mb, ...
Stable airmasses generally imply the absence of 'free' vertical motion, and any ascent that does occur must be forced, i.e. frontal (dynamic) or orographic (mechanical) ascent, and the cloud structure is essentially layered.
Hurricane: Terminology used for the Tropical Cyclones, with associated wind force above 64 knots, which occur in the North Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Mexican Golf and in the East Pacific Ocean, North of the equator, in the west coast of Mexico.
CORIOLIS- An apparent force caused by the earth's rotation. The Coriolis force is a maximum at the poles and a minimum at the equator.
CU- An abbreviation for cumulus clouds
CU FIELD- Cumulus clouds covering a large spatial area.
Dynamics - Generally, any forces that produce motion or affect change. In operational meteorology, dynamics usually refer specifically to those forces that produce vertical motion in the atmosphere.
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(pressure) Pressure (force per unit area) exerted by the atmosphere on any surface by virtue of its weight; it is equivalent to the weight of a vertical column of air extending above a surface of unit area to the outer limit of the atmosphere.
It is based on the Beaufort Force or Number, which is composed of the wind speed, a descriptive term, and the visible effects upon land objects and/or sea surfaces.
Upslope Flow - Air that flows toward higher terrain, and hence is forced to rise.
atmospheric pressure: force exerted on a surface area, created by the weight of air above it.
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barometer: tool for measuring atmospheric pressure.
 See also: Air, Surface, Pressure, Temperature, Weather
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