It is divided into two epochs: the Pleistocene - 2 million years ago to approximately 10,000 years ago - and the Holocene - the period from approximately 10,000 years ago to the present.
Climatic Optimum"An interval of higher summer temperatures (2°-4°C higher) that followed the retreat of the last Pleistocene glaciers in North America and Europe, ...
An ice sheet is not confined by the underlying topography but spreads outward in all directions. During the Pleistocene Epoch, ice sheets covered large parts of North America and northern Europe but they are now confined to polar regions (e.g.
 See also: Weather, Model, Temperature, Element, Wind
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